呼吸道标本苛养菌的分离及药敏分析

目的 了解我院呼吸道感染住院病人肺炎链球菌，流感嗜血杆菌及副流感嗜血杆菌的感染及药敏情况。方法 按细菌学常规方法分离标本中苛养菌，采用K－B纸片扩散法进行药敏检测。结果 180份痰及咽拭子标本肺炎链球菌检出率9．4％，流感嗜血杆菌检出率6．1％，副流感嗜血杆菌检出率12．2％。17株肺炎链球菌对青霉素、红霉素、复方新诺明、氧哌嗪青霉素、氯霉素、四环素的耐药率分别为17．6％、76．5％、58．8％、35．3％、17．6％、82．4％。利福平、万古霉素的耐药率为0％。流感嗜血杆菌对氨苄青霉素、凯福隆、氨曲南、阿奇霉素、西力欣、菌必治耐药率为45．4％、9．0％、27．3％、9．1％、18．2％、9．0％。结论 呼吸道苛养菌对多种抗生素具有较明的耐药性，临床治疗中经验性用药是造成耐药率升高的重要因素，应引起重视。

Antimicrobial resistance and isolation of fastidious bacteria of the respiratory tract.

Objective To investigate antibiotic resistance and infection status of fastidious bacteria in our hospital.Methods According to the routine separation methods fastidious bacteria of the respiratory tract were isolated,and using K-B disc diffusion test their drug -resistance was detected.Results The isolation rate of Streptcoccus pneumeoniae,Haemophilus influenzae,haemophilus parainfluenzae were9.4%,6.1%and12.2%respectively.The resistant rates of penicillin,erythromycin,sulfamethoxazole,piperacillin,chloramphenicol,tetracycline to Streptcoccus pneumeoniae were17.6%,76.5%,58.8%,35.3%,17.6%and82.4%,and ampicillin,cefotaxime,aztreonam,azitromycin,ce-furoxime,ceftriaxone to Haemophilus influenzae were45.4%,9.0%,27.3%,9.1%,18.2%and9.0%respectively.Conclusion The fastidious bacteria of the respiratory tract have significantly resistance to many kinds of antibiotics,and should bring to our atten-tion.