液质联用技术分析不同产地不同年限人参的化学成分

目的:对不同年限、不同产地人参的化学成分进行分析研究。方法:利用快速分离液相色谱-飞行时间质谱(RRLC-Q-TOF-MS)对样本进行检测,经过色谱峰提取、排列和归一化后,对得到的数据集进行数据统计分析,寻找差异成分,并观察其在不同人参样本中的变化趋势;使用一级质谱和二级质谱信息结合对照品比对进行化合物鉴定。结果:偏最小二乘得分图中不同产地和不同生长年限的人参被分开,说明不同产地和不同生长年限的人参中所含的化学成分存在差异,选择变量权重(VIP)值 1的变量作为对分类贡献较大的化学成分,然后进行t检验进一步筛选具有显著性差异(P 0. 05)的化学成分。对比三年生和五年生人参的化学成分,人参皂苷Rb_1,Rh_4,Rk_2等11种成分存在显著性差异,这些成分中大部分的含量会随着人参生长年限的增加而增加;人参皂苷Rg_1,Rf,Rh_1,Rb_1等10成分在产地为吉林和黑龙江的人参样本中存在显著性差异。结论:液质联用技术可以快速、准确地对人参样品进行分析,结合多元统计分析方法,能够寻找不同样本间的差异成分。

Chemical Constituents of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma with Different Growth Years and Different Origins Based on LC-MS

Objective: To study the components of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma of different origins and growth years. Method: Rapid liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (RRLC-Q-TOF-MS) was applied to detect the raw data of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma.After peak extraction,alignment,and normalization,the multivariate statistical analysis was made for the resulted dataset to find out the different compounds.The compounds were identified by using accurate molecular weight and tandem mass spectra,and the standard references were used to further confirm the identification.The changing trends of these components in different ginseng samples were observed. Result: The ginseng samples of different growth years and different origins were divided into different groups in the score plot of PLS-DA,and the variables with the variable importance in projection (VIP) value of more than 1 were considered to contribute more to the separations,then the t-test was applied to determine whether potential biomarkers were statistically significant (P<0.05) between the two groups.The contents of eleven compounds,including ginsenoside Rb₁,Rh₄,and Rk₂,were significantly different between ginseng samples aged 3 and 5 years,and the contents of these compounds increased as the rise of the ginseng growth years.Ginsenosides Rg₁,Rf,Rh₁,Rb₁,and other six compounds were significantly different in ginseng samples from Jilin and Heilongjiang province. Conclusion: LC-MS is a rapid and accurate method for the analysis of ginseng samples, and could help to find out the different components among samples.