2型糖尿病患者血糖负荷相关饮食知识影响因素的调查

目的:了解2型糖尿病患者接受糖尿病血糖负荷相关饮食知识的情况及影响因素调查,为制定及实施有效的教育干预措施提供依据。方法:选择确诊为2型糖尿病的门诊患者250例,自设问卷调查表,对患者发放饮食知识调查表,了解患者对饮食知识的掌握情况及影响因素。结果:血糖指数和血糖负荷最为欠缺,其次为食物交换份法方面的知识、总能量控制和营养物质均衡方面的知识相对较全面。采用多元线性回归分析饮食知识的影响因素,饮食知识与年龄、文化程度、居住地区、糖尿病家族史、接受糖尿病教育和接受糖尿病教育次数有关。结论:2型糖尿病患者对血糖指数和血糖负荷的知晓率甚低,在对2型糖尿病患者进行健康教育时,有需要把血糖指数和血糖负荷应用其中。年龄越小、文化程度越高、居住在城市、有糖尿病家族史、接受过糖尿病教育且接受的次数越多,饮食知识越全面。

Survey on the dietary glycemic load knowledge and its influencing factors in type 2 diabetics

Objective ：To conduct a survey on the current knowledge of dietary glycemic load（GL） and associated influencing factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for evidence to develop and implement effec- tive diet education program for this population group. Methods ： By using self-administered questionnaire,250 outpatients confirmed as type 2 dia-betes were surveyed on the dietary knowledge and the related influencing factors on the command of such awareness. Results ： In general, all partici- pants bad the least knowledge on the glycemic index （GI） and GL,yet moderate concerns of the food exchange serving and total energy control as well as relatively full awareness of balanced dietary intake. Multiple linear regression analysis on the dietary knowledge and its influencing factors suggested that the dietary concerns in such patients were associated with their ages, educational background, residential areas, family history of dia- betes, experiences of diabetes education and frequencies of involvement in such educational program. Conclusion：Type 2 diabetic adults are the poorest in knowledge of GI and GL that shall be the necessary recommen- dations in developing and implementing a nutrition education program, while those living in urban areas, with younger ages, better educational background, family history of diabetes mellitus, experiences of diet educa- tion on diabetes and more frequent attending at such education are in full dietary knowledge on such entity.