新的抗荷动作:HP与PHP动作抗荷效果的评价

目的：检验新的抗荷动作－－HP与PHP动作的抗荷效果。方法：HP动作由两部分构成,第1部分为全身肌肉根据＋Gz大小进行用力收缩;第2部分为2．5s 1个周期的呼吸部分,即在0．5s内以口快吸气,同时发出汉语拼音“H”,再通过半闭的双唇用力进行慢呼气2．0s,同时发出汉语拼音“P”。PHP是在抗荷正压呼吸条件下做的HP动作。测试对象为20名飞行员和10名志愿者。在离心机上测定10名飞行员采用KH－7抗荷服与HP动作的抗荷耐力,另外10名飞行员采用KH－7抗荷服与L－1动作时的抗荷耐力作对照。在离心机上测定10名志愿者采用KH－5抗荷服、抗荷正压呼吸装备和做PHP动作时的＋Gz耐力。结果：分别采用HP动作、L－1动作的两组飞行员的抗荷耐力均可达到8G10s,但采用HP动作时心率、呼吸率显著低于L－1动作（P＜0．05）。志愿者采用装备做PHP动作的抗荷耐力均达到了9G10s,且完成得比较轻松。结论：HP、PHP动作具有良好的抗荷效果,心脏负荷较小,而且飞行员易于理解、掌握,易于抗荷正压呼吸结合。

Centrifuge evaluation of the +Gz protection of the new anti-G straining maneuver: HP and PHP maneuver

Objective To detect the +G z protection of the new anti G straining maneuver: HP and PHP maneuver. Methods The HP maneuver we put forward includes two components: the first component is contraction of whole body skeletal muscles according to +G z level; the second is the respiratory component:a quick inspiration and pronouncing Chinese phonetic letter "H" through opened mouth for 0.5 second, then forced expiration against partially closed lips pronouncing Chinese phonetic letter "P" for 2 seconds. The PHP maneuver is the HP maneuver during pressure breathing for +G z (PBG). For our study, 20 pilots and 10 young male volunteers served as subjects. +G z tolerances (up to 8 G for 10 seconds) of 10 pilots using KH 7 anti G suit and HP maneuver were measured with centrifuge, and compared with those of other 10 pilots using the same anti G suit and L 1 maneuver. +G z tolerances (up to 9 G for 10 seconds) of 10 volunteers were measured using KH 5 anti G suit and PHP maneuver with centrifuge. Results Pilots of both group could complete the centrifuge test, but the fatigue level, heart rate and breathing rate in HP maneuver group were lower than those of L 1 maneuver group ( P <0.05).Using anti G equipment and PHP maneuver, all the volunteers could easily complete centrifuge test up to 9 G for 10 seconds. Conclusions HP, PHP maneuver can provide satisfactory +G z protection with less heart stress. The new AGSM can be easily understood, rapidly mastered, and easily combined with PBG by pilots.