流行性感冒监测

1982至1990年6月,上海市共经历7次甲₃型和4次甲₁型中小程度的流感流行,分离到不同的病毒变种。甲₃型和甲₁型变种在本市交替流行间隔为1~2年左右。夏秋季和冬春期是本市流感活动高峰期。夏秋季流行的流感病毒亚型至冬春期常在我国北方和北半球一些国家引起流行。夏秋季流感疫情较平静,至冬春季流感病毒可出现进一步变异,引起较广泛流行。提供流感流行预测,为及时制备疫苗进行有效预防的依据。

Influenza Surveillance

From 1982 to June 1990, seven influenza A (H3N2) epidemics and four influenza A (H1N1) epidemics occurred in Shanghai, and several new variants of influenza virus were isolated. During that period, influenza A (H3N2) and influenza A (H1N1) appeared alternatively while each lasted for one to two years. The epidemic peak of influenza usually was seen from July to August and late winter to early spring. The subtype which appears in July and August usually starting in late winter and early spring in Shanghai causes epidemics in the northern regions of China and some other countries in the northern hemisphere. If minor epidemics occur only in July and August, further antigenic changes may cause moderate epidemics in late winter and next early spring. Information supplied for prediction of influenza epidemics and timely preparation of new vaccines may lead to better control of influenza.