小盾纤恙螨自然感染、叮刺传播和经卵传递流行性出血热病毒的研究

为查明小盾纤恙螨在传播流行性出血热(EHF)上的媒介意义,我们于1988年10~11月,在陕西EHF疫区捕鼠,取459份鼠肺用IFAT检测EHFV抗原,阳性26份,阳性率为5.7%,并从鼠体采集的小盾纤恙螨分离到EHFV6株。1989年10月,将捕自非疫区的黑线姬鼠28只置放于疫区草地上,所有的鼠均诱集到游离的小盾纤恙螨幼虫,并从鼠分离到EHFV3株。以上结果证明小盾纤恙螨能自然感染和叮刺传播EHFV,并提示有经卵传递EHFV的能力,表明小盾纤恙螨具有作为EHF传播媒介的条件。

Study on Natural Infection, Biting and Transovarial Transmission of Epidemic Haemorrhagic Fever Virus in Leptotrombidium(L.) scutellare

In order to clarify the significance of Leptotrombidium (L.) scutellare in transmitting EHF, from Oct. to Nov. 1988, lungs of rodents captured in endemic areas of EHF in Shangxi Province were taken for detecting EHF antigen by IFAT, Twenty-six out of 459 lungs were positive (5.7%). Six strains of EHFV were isolated from L. (L.) scutellare collected from the rodents. In Oct. 1989, 28 Apodemus captured from areas without reported cases of EHF were placed on grassland in endemic areas, free L. (L.) scutellare were lured in all mice and 3 strains of EHFV were isolated. The above results demonstrate that L. (L.) scutellare can naturally be infected by EHFV and can be transmitted via bites. It is also suggested that this species of mites could transmit the disease transovarially. These results further indicate that L. (L.) scutellare can serve as a transmitting vector of EHF.