我国莱姆病螺旋体生物媒介的初步调查

自1987年以来,我们在全国开展了莱姆病调查,从黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙、河北、新疆、湖北、四川、福建和北京等省、市采集的全沟硬蜱、粒形硬蜱、壤塘硬蜱、嗜群血蜱、二棘血蜱和长角血蜱分离出71株莱姆病螺旋体,其中55株从全沟硬蜱分离。全沟硬蜱是东北和西北针阔叶林区的优势蜱种,其带菌率为20~45%,表明全沟硬蜱是我国北方莱姆病螺旋体的主要生物媒介。虽然从我国南方的某些硬蜱属和血蜱属种类分离到莱姆病螺旋体,但是南方的主要生物媒介还不清楚。从我国蜱体内分离的螺旋体在超微结构、单克隆抗体反应和外表蛋白等方面与美国菌株有某些区别。

Survey on Tick Vectors of Lyme Disease Spirochetes in China

Since 1987 we have been studying on Lyme disease in China. There were 71 isolates of Borrelia burgdorferi recovered from six species of ticks including Ixodes persulcatus, Ixodes granulatus, ixodes rangtangensis, Haemaphysalis concinna. Haemaphysalis bispinosa and Haemaphysalis longicornis, and 55 isolates from Ixodes persulcatus collected from Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei-Monggol, Hebei and Xinjiang region (province). Ixodes persulcarus is the dominant species accounted for more than 80% of the total number of collected ticks, 20 or 45 per cent adult Ixodes persulcatus contained spirochetes as determined by direct immunofluorescence in the northeast and northwest. The seasonal change of adult Ixodes persulcatus is coincident with that of the patient with Erythema migrant. These studies proved that Ixodes persulcatus play the leading role in transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi to human in north region of China. It is not clear what species of tick is the principle vector in the south region of China, though the spirochetal isolates were cultivated from Haemaphysalis bispinosa, Ixodes granulatus and Ixodes rangtangensis. Comparison between Chinese strains of spirochetes from ticks and American strain B31 in Ultrastructure, monoclonal antibodies reaction and outer surface protein profile revealed certain differences.