宁夏急性感染性腹泻病原流行病学研究

1985年4月~1988年1月对宁夏进行腹泻病原流行病学的研究,检出腹泻病原8种,合计检出率为41.16%,检出率列前四位的病原顺次是志贺氏菌(19.59%)、轮状病毒(10.07%)、沙门氏菌(4.76%)和致病性大肠菌(4.20%),合计占检出全部病原的93.85%。志贺氏菌中B群占80.44%,以2a为主。沙门氏菌中鼠伤寒沙门氏菌占85.71%。不同年龄组的检出率为27.21~59.89%,<1岁组及50岁以上组检出率较低,20~49岁组检出率最高(59.89%)。季节检出率波动于31.25~50.13%,以秋季最高,冬季最低,各季节志贺氏菌均居首位。轮状病毒春秋季检出率较高。病原检出率在性别、回、汉民族及城乡间无显著性差异。

Epidemiological Investigation on Pathogens of Acute Infectious Diarrhea in Ning Xia

An epidemiological investigation on pathogens of diarrhoeal diseases in Ning Xia was reported. Eight genus of agents were found in all stool specimens of persons with detectable rate of 41.16%. Moreover, the most prevalent pathogens were shigella (19.59%), followed by rotaviruses (10.07%), salmonella (4.76%), and entero-pathogenic Escherichia coli (4.20%). Four of them accounted for 93.85% of detectable agents. In addition, in shigella B group made up 80.44%, and 2a was the predominant agent. Similarly S. typhimurium accounted for 85.71% in salmonella. The detectable rates in different age groups ranged from 27.21% to 59.89%. It was was lower in the groups under one year and over fifty and highest (59.89%) in the groups aged 20-49. Regarding seasonal variation, the detectable rate fluctuated from 31.25-50.13%, and the highest prevalence was obtained in autumn, whereas the lowest in the winter. Besides, the most commonly found agent in any seasons was shigella. In spring and autumn rotavirus was more frequently found. This study revealed that there were no significant differences between male and female, Hui and Han people, or urban and rural areas in detectable rates of agents.