New neurons for injured brains? The emergence of new genetic model organisms to study brain regeneration |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Qld, Australia;2. School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Qld, Australia;3. Griffith Health Institute, School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Qld, Australia;1. Champalimaud Foundation, Immunotherapy, Lisbon, Portugal;2. Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt, Germany;3. Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK;1. University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Institute of Biology Valrose, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice, France;2. CNRS, Institute of Biology Valrose, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice, France;3. INSERM, Institute of Biology Valrose, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice, France;4. Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS UMR5203, INSERM U661, Université Montpellier 1 & 2, 34094 Montpellier, France;1. Department of Biology, Georgia State University, 24 Peachtree Center Avenue NE, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States;2. Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, 24 Peachtree Center Avenue NE, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States;3. Center for Obesity Reversal, Georgia State University, 24 Peachtree Center Avenue NE, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States |
| |
| Abstract: | Neuronal circuits in the adult brain have long been viewed as static and stable. However, research in the past 20 years has shown that specialized regions of the adult brain, which harbor adult neural stem cells, continue to produce new neurons in a wide range of species. Brain plasticity is also observed after injury. Depending on the extent and permissive environment of neurogenic regions, different organisms show great variability in their capacity to replace lost neurons by endogenous neurogenesis. In Zebrafish and Drosophila, the formation of new neurons from progenitor cells in the adult brain was only discovered recently. Here, we compare properties of adult neural stem cells, their niches and regenerative responses from mammals to flies. Current models of brain injury have revealed that specific injury-induced genetic programs and comparison of neuronal fitness are implicated in brain repair. We highlight the potential of these recently implemented models of brain regeneration to identify novel regulators of stem cell activation and regenerative neurogenesis. |
| |
| Keywords: | Adult neurogenesis Adult neural stem cells Regenerative neurogenesis Activation of quiescent stem cells Traumatic brain injury models |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
