The circumstances,orientations, and impact locations of falls in community-dwelling older women |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;2. Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA;3. Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;4. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;5. Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;6. Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;1. Department of Community Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India;2. George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Australia;3. Department of Orthopaedics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India;1. Motionscience, Institute of Sport Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Seidelstraße 20, 07749 Jena, Germany;2. Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology I, University Hospital Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany;1. Faculty of Physical Therapy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon Nayok, 26120, Thailand;2. School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, M6 6PU, United Kingdom;3. Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, United Kingdom;1. Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA;2. Department of Radiation Oncology University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA;1. Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, 550 University Ave., Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2A2;2. University of Toronto, 500 University Ave., Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1V7;3. Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, Canada M4 N 3M5 |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveWe sought to characterize the circumstances, orientations, and impact locations of falls in community-dwelling, ambulatory, older women.MethodsFor this longitudinal, observational study, 125 community-dwelling women age ≥ 65 years were recruited. Over 12-months of follow-up, fall details were recorded using twice-monthly questionnaires.ResultsMore than half (59%) of participants fell, with 30% of participants falling more than once (fall rate = 1.3 falls per person-year). Slips (22%) and trips (33%) accounted for the majority of falls. Approximately 44% of falls were forward in direction, while backward falls accounted for 41% of falls. About a third of all falls were reported to have lateral (sideways) motion. Subjects reported taking a protective step in response to 82% of forward falls and 37% of backward falls. Of falls reporting lateral motion, a protective step was attempted in 70% of accounts. Common impact locations included the hip/pelvis (47% of falls) and the hand/wrist (27%). Backwards falls were most commonly reported with slips and when changing direction, and increased the risk of hip/pelvis impact (OR = 12.6; 95% CI: 4.7–33.8). Forward falls were most commonly reported with trips and while hurrying, and increased the risk of impact to the hand/wrist (OR = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.2–5.9).ConclusionFalls in older ambulatory women occur more frequently than previously reported, with the fall circumstance and direction dictating impact to common fracture locations. Stepping was a common protective recovery strategy and that may serve as an appropriate focus of interventions to reduce falls in this high risk population. |
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| Keywords: | Trips Slips Injury Fracture Balance SAFER |
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