海南省2006年流行性乙型脑炎监测结果分析

目的了解海南省流行性乙型脑炎流行规律，为疫情预测预报提供科学依据。方法按照全国监测方案建立乙脑专病监测系统，横断面调查方法选择既往乙脑高发的东方市作为乙脑宿主、媒介监测点，在全省范围内监测乙脑病例，采集疑似病例和宿主血清用ELISA法检测乙脑IgM抗体，用Excel进行资料分析。结果2006年监测报告乙脑疑似病例83例，确诊16例，发病率为0．19／10万，病死2例，病死率为12．5％，确诊病例均为实验室确诊，无临床确诊。全年发病高峰为双峰。病例均为12岁以下儿童，最小2岁，男女之比为4．3：1。病例中有乙脑免疫史仅占6．25％，乙脑疑似病例血标本采集率为96．4％，IgM抗体阳性16例，阳性率为21．05％，发病5—8d后阳性率最高，为46．4％，双份血阳性率为显著高于单份标本（X^2=136．9，P〈0．01）；捕捉蚊媒，三带喙库蚊占64，62％，平均密度为16．79只／人工小时，宿主猪总感染率为67．95％，人群发病曲线与媒介密度相一致，发病高峰较媒介密度高峰后推半个月。结论海南省存在乙脑高流行的自然环境，乙脑疫苗免疫是保护易感人群最有效措施，开展监测能及时提出乙脑流行趋势。

Analysis of results in monitoring of epidemic encephalitis B in Hainan Province in 2006.

Objective To understand the prevalent trend of epidemic encephalitis B and offer scientific basis for predicting the infections in Hainan Province. Methods Based on the national monitoring program, expert encephaltitis B monitoring system was established and cross - sectional surveys were carried out. Dongfang City a formerly hyperepidemic area of encephaltitis B was chosen as monitoring sites for surveying encephatitis B host and vectors and encephalitis B eases in the whole province were surveyed. IgM antibody to encephalitis B virus was detected from the sera of suspected encephalitis B cases an hosts. The results were analayzed with Excel. Results Totally there 83 suspected encephalitis B cases were reported and 16 cases were confirmend with an incidence of 0. 19/100 000. There were two death with a fatality rate of 12.5 %. All the cases were confirmed by laboratory tests not by clinical observalgion. All the cases were children under age of 12 years old and the youngest was 2 years old with male to female ratio of 4. 3 ： 1. There only 6.25% of the the eases with vaccination history. The rate of collection of samples from suspected cases was 96.4% and 16 cases were positive for IgM with a positive rate of 21.05%. The positive rate was the highest from 5 to 8 days after infection （46.4%） and the positive rate of double blood samples was obviously higher than that of single samples （X^2 = 136.9, P 〈 0.01）. There mosquites were captured and Culex tritynJorhychus occupied 64.62% with an average density of 16.79 per man. hour. The total infection in pig was 67.95 %. The cure of infection in hauman was in accordance with that of vector density and the peak of infection was a delay of 15 days after the appearance of peak density of vector. Conclusion There is natural environment for the prevalence of encephalitis B in Hainan Province and immunization with encepalitits B is the most effective measures for preteeting the suspected population and the monitoring work can provide us with alarming information