护士长工作状况调查及相关因素研究

目的调查护士长工作状况,分析护士长工作压力、应对方式以及与身心健康的相互关系。方法采用问卷调查法对2所大型医院86名护士长工作疲溃感、工作压力、应对方式以及身心健康水平进行调查分析。结果护士长情绪疲溃感与工作无成就感均为高度;工作量负荷、缺乏支持、处理死亡或濒死的病人是护士长最主要的工作压力源;护士长积极的再评估、有计划的解决问题和采取自我控制来处理压力事件;工作量负荷、采取逃避与回避与护士长的躯体健康水平和心理健康水平呈负相关,与医生的冲突与护士长的心理健康水平呈负相关。结论护士长工作压力大,身心健康存在较多问题,应引起管理部门的高度重视,寻求各种途径缓解护士长的工作压力,提高其身心健康水平,有利于提高护理管理质量。

Study of job status and its correlation factors among head nurses

Objective To determine the job stressors, coping styles and physical and mental health of head nurses and the relationship between them. Methods Eighty - six head nurses from 2 general hospitals were investigated with maslach burnout inventory, the job stressors scale,the coping style scale,and Short Term 36 Health Survey Questionnaire（ SF -36）. Results The emotion exhaustion and decreased personal accomplishment of head nurses were in the high level. The main job stressors were too heavy workload,lack of social support and handling of death ＆ dying. Positive reappraisal, designed problem - solving and self - control were adopted to handle these stressors by head nurses. Correlation analysis showed that the workload and escape ＆ avoidance were negatively related to physical and mental health level of head nurses and conflicts with physicians was negatively related to mental health level of head nurses. Conclusion The level of job stress of head nurses is relatively high. There are more kinds of questions on physical and mental health. It is suggested to pay more attention to reduce the workload of head nurses and enhance the level of physical and mental health,and eventually improve tbe quality of nursing management.