手术病人术前护理访视效果评价

目的评估术前访视对消除或减轻手术对病人所致负性心理的效果。方法300例手术病人按疾病种类的不同用数字随机表分成访视组和未访视组各150例,于手术前日对病人自身疾病认知等情况进行调查,对访视组病人介绍疾病的诊断、治疗、麻醉、手术的基本情况,解答病人的疑难问题,做好解释、疏导工作。结果访视组的病人对自身疾病、麻醉、手术的认知高于未访视组;术前恐惧、焦虑紧张症状较未访视组减轻;经字2检验均有显著性差异(P均<0.005)。术前晚失眠人数少于未访视组,经字2检验有显著性差异P<0.05。基础血压与麻醉前血压、基础心率与麻醉前心率两组各自经t检验,访视组P>0.05,无显著性差异;未访视组P<0.01,有显著性差异。两组比较,经t检验,基础血压、心率无显著性差异,P>0.05;麻醉前血压、心率有显著性差异,P<0.01,说明访视组血压、心率比未访视组平稳。结论通过访视能消除或减轻病人术前焦虑、恐惧、紧张不安心理,积极配合手术,使手术顺利进行。

Effect evaluation of nursing visit patients in pre-operation

Objective To evaluate the nursing visit's effect of elimination and alleviation of patients' negative psychology caused by operation. Methods 300 patients were divided into 2 groups randomly and evenly according to the types of disease: the control and nursing visit group. On the day before operation, patients' cognition about their own disease was surveyed. In nursing visit group, patients were given the basic introduction of disease diagnosis, treatment, anesthetic and operation, their questions were answered and they were given good explanation and well guided. Results Patients in nursing visit group have better recognition on their own di-sease, anesthetic, operation and less preoperative anxiety and tension than those in control group significantly (P<0.005 tested by X2). The nursing visit group had fewer insomnia patients than control group significantly (P<0.05). In nursing visit group, there were no significant differences between the patients, normal blood pressure and heart rate and preoperative blood pressure and heart rate (P >0.05), while in control group there was significant difference (P<0.01). Tested by t and compared with those in control, patients in nursing visit group had more normal blood pressure and heart rate. Conclusion Nursing visit can reduce the patients' preoperative anxiety and tension, make them cooperate operation actively and ensure the smooth performance of operation.