深圳市尿石症流行特征分析

目的　了解深圳市尿石症的流行病学分布特征。方法　采用随机整群抽样方法 ,对 2 0岁以上来深超过五年的常住和暂住人口 ,进行尿石症现况调查。结果　 5 2 67名调查对象中检出尿石症患者 35 7人 ,患病率 6.8% ;其中上、下尿路结石比例分别为 97.2 %和 2 .8% ;单部位结石占 79.0 % ,多部位占 2 1 .0 % ;新发结石所占比例为 38.4 % ,旧病例 61 .6%。随着年龄增长尿石症患病率明显上升 ,但男女间差异无显著性 ;文化程度与患病率呈负相关 ;不同职业人群尿石症的患病率不同 ,其中农 (渔 )民最高 ,其次为家务无业者 ,而科技人员最低。随着压力、BMI值的增高 ,尿石症患病率也明显上升。饮水越多尿结石的患病率越低 ;而吸烟、饮酒与尿石症关系不明确。≥ 4 0岁组有既往病史者尿石症的患病率高。结论　深圳市尿石症的患病率较高 ,高危人群必须采取综合性防制措施

Study on Epidemiological Characteristics of Urinary Calculi in Shenzhen City

Objective To determine epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of urinary calculi in Shenzhen city. Methods Using random cluster sampling, a total of 5 267 people aged over 20 living in Shenzhen city at least 5 years was selected.A cross sectional study using questionnaire, physical examination and B ultrasonic diagnose was conducted from April to July in 2000. Results The prevalence rate of urinary calculi was 6.8% with 357 urolithiasis patients . Among the patients with urolithiasis, 97.2% were with upper tract stone, 79.0% with single position stone and 21.0% with multi position stone . The newly diagnosed patients accounted for 38.4%. The prevalence rate increased apparently with age. But education level was correlated negatively with prevalence. The prevalence increased apparently with stress and BMI value. The people drinking less water had higher prevalence. The correlation between smoking, drinking wine and urinary calculi was not clear. There was a higher prevalence among people aged over 40 who had some other chronic medical condition. Conclusion There was a high prevalence of urinary calculi in Shenzhen, so a multi stage intervention should be taken to reduce it.