强化糖尿病教育干预对患者态度、知识、行为的影响

目的评价个体化强化糖尿病（DM）教育干预对患者在糖尿病综合治疗中的态度、知识、依从行为及代谢水平的作用.方法按照系统抽样的方法选取2003年7月～2003年11月220例DM患者为研究对象,遵循随机分组原则分为教育干预组、对照组各110例（两组分别失访17例、25例）,两组患者基线人口学资料、接受教育的程度、治疗等方面无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.对照组患者在教育前、教育后9个月、15个月接受常规DM教育指导.干预组患者除此外,又增加首次干预后的1、3、6、9、12个月时的随访,接受个体化、强化糖尿病知识与行为干预.结果通过强化教育干预并随访15个月显示：干预组患者对DM综合治疗的态度、知识、依从性评分提高,代谢水平改善（P＜0.01～0.001）.结论实施个体化教育干预提高DM患者对饮食、运动、用药、监测和管理方面的态度、知识、依从性,帮助患者逐渐建立起来正确合理的生活习惯,代谢水平改善.通过个体化强化教育干预可维持、稳定患者态度、知识、依从行为及代谢指标,并将建立起来的良好生活习惯固定、维持下来.

Effects of Executing Diabetes Education Intervention on the Individual Patients Attitude, Knowledge, Behaviorial

Objective To evaluate the effectivesness on attitude,knowledge,behaviorial changes,and metabolic outcomes of executing diabetes education intervention on the individual patients.(Methods A) total of 220 subjects with diabetes registered from July 2003 to November 2003 were randomly assigned into education intervention group(n=110,missing 17 cases) and control group(n=110,missing 25 cases).The patients in the control group received the routine diabetic treatment and general diabetes education.The patients in the intervention group received individual education and behavior intervention and were followed up at 1,3,6,9,12,15 months after their initial visit.Outcomes were assessed before education,9 months and 15 months after education for all patients entering the educcation program.The baseline assessment was no significant difference between groups including general information,education level,medication regimen(P>0.05).Results The study showed that the score of attitude,knowledge,compliance with diabetes treatment in the intervention group improved compared with control group,the difference was significant in the study(P<0.05-0.01). The intervention group resulted in a greater reduction of FBG,PBG,HbA1c and blood pressure than control group(P<0.01).Conclusions This study demonstrated thatimplementing education intervention on individual diabetes patients intensively was effective.It has positively impacting on the patients' knowledge,attitude,comliance with diabetes treatment and metbolic outcomes.Individualized education intervention repetitively helped more patients move to action and maintain the type of behavioural changes sustainedly.