Focal splenic lesions in patients with AIDS: sonographic findings |
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Authors: | A Porcel-Martin P Rendon-Unceta A Bascuñana-Quirell A Amaya-Vidal C Rodriguez-Ramos M J Soria de la Cruz L Martín-Herrera |
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Institution: | (1) Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Avda. Ana de Viya 21, 11009 Cádiz, Spain, ES;(2) Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Avda. Ana de Viya 21, 11009 Cádiz, Spain, ES |
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Abstract: | Background: The purpose of this study was to describe the sonographic features of the focal splenic lesions in patients with AIDS and
to know the frequency and etiology of these features.
Methods: Sonographic exams of 278 AIDS patients were reviewed retrospectively. We recorded the clinical indications for sonograms
and sonographic findings of those patients with focal splenic lesions. In addition, patients' histories were reviewed to determine
the etiology of such lesions. Ultrasound exams were performed with a 3.5-MHz transducer.
Results: Sonography demostrated focal splenic lesions in 22 patients (7.9%). Eighteen patients (81.8%) showed small, multiple, hypoechoic,
rounded splenic lesions; one patient had a solitary defect with similar features. In these 19 patients (86.3%), splenic lesions
were due to disseminated Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. One case showed two large hypoechoic wedge-shaped lesions that were splenic infarctations secondary to acute bacterial
endocarditis. In two patients (9%) with solitary and multiple small hypoechoic lesions, the cause of the lesions remained
unknown. All patients had splenomegaly. Hepatomegaly with focal lesions, retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy, or ascites were
also seen.
Conclusion: In our area, the finding of splenomegaly with small, multiple, hypoechoic lesions in AIDS patients should make clinicians
suspect splenic tuberculosis as a first possibility.
Received: 25 June 1996/Accepted after revision: 13 November 1996 |
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Keywords: | : Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)— AIDS spleen— AIDS sonography— Focal splenic lesions sonography— Tuberculosis spleen— AIDS splenic tuberculosis |
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