云南省齐氏姬鼠体表寄生恙螨种类调查与分析

目的了解云南省齐氏姬鼠体表寄生恙螨种类、空间分布情况及优势种。方法选取云南省16个县(市)作为调查点,现场用鼠笼加食饵诱捕齐氏姬鼠,收集其体表寄生恙螨,用Hoyer′s液封片后在显微镜下分类、鉴定。恙螨种群的空间分布格局用分布型指数中的聚块指数(m*/m)判定。结果在所调查的16个县(市)中,从所捕获到的1177只齐氏姬鼠体表共采集到恙螨7634只,经分类鉴定隶属3亚科10属79种。齐氏姬鼠总染螨率和总螨指数较高,分别达35.85%及6.49螨/鼠;小板纤恙螨和乡野纤恙螨为齐氏姬鼠体表恙螨优势种,王氏纤恙螨次之。恙螨及优势恙螨种类在齐氏姬鼠不同个体之间的分布均呈聚集型分布格局。结论齐氏姬鼠体表恙螨种类复杂,数量丰富,物种多样性高,主要恙螨在所对应小兽宿主的寄生有明显的聚集性。

Investigation and Analysis of Ectoparasitc Chigger Mites on the Rat Apodemus chevrieri

Objective To understand the species composition, species distribution and the dominant species of chigger mites on Apodemus chevrieri (a dominant species of rats in Yunnan , China). Method A. chevrieri (the host of chigger mites) was captured with mouse traps in 16 counties (or towns) of Yunnan. All the mites on the body surface of A.chevrieri were completely collected,made into specimens and then identified under a microscope. The patch index (m/m) was adopted to judge the spatial distribution patterns of the dominant chigger mite species of their rat hosts (A.chevrieri). Result 1177 individuals of A.chevrieri were captured from 16 counties (towns). 7634 chigger mites (belonging to 3 subfamily, 10 genus and 79 species) were collected from the body surface of 1177 rat hosts (A.chevrieri) with a high "overall mite infection rate" (35.85%) and "overall mite index" (6.49). There are two dominant mite species on A.chevrieri: Leptotrombidium scutellare and Leptotrombidium rusticum. Leptotrombidium wangi individuals are also abundant. The distribution of the chigger mites among different individuals of A.chevrieri is of an aggregation pattern. Conclusion The species composition of chigger mites on Apodemus chevrieri is very complex with abundant individuals, which reflects a high species diversity of the mites. The main species of chigger mites tend to form aggregated groups on the body surface of A.chevrieri.