皖北地区医院内感染中产β-内酰胺酶细菌的检测及耐药性研究

目的调查产ESBLs菌在本地区感染的发生率，并分析ESBLs阳性和阴性菌的耐药情况。方法采用头孢他啶、头孢噻肟为底物，用K-B法对分离目的菌做产ESBLs菌初筛试验和确证试验，同时做药敏试验。结果大肠埃希菌ESBLs检出率为32．6％(45／138)；肺炎克雷伯菌ESBLs检出率为38．1％(34／89)；ESBLs阳性菌对14种抗生素的耐药率远高于ESBLs阴性菌，产ESBLs菌除了高耐β-内酰胺酶类抗生素外，还高耐氨基糖苷类及喹诺酮类。结论本地区产ESBLs大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的感染率相对国内其他地区略低，但仍应防止抗生素滥用。

Detection and Drug Resistance Research of Bacterium Producing the β-lactamase in Nosocomial Infection in North Area of Anhui Province

Objective To study the incidence of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) bacterium in nosocomial infection in this region and analyze the drug resistance of the positive and the negative ESBLs bacterium. Methods K-B method with ceftazidime and cefotaxime was performed to screen and confirm the separated bacterium before the test of drug resistance. Results The detection rate of ESBLs of E.coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was 32.6%(45/138) and 38.1%(34/89) respectively. The drug-resistance rate of ESBLs-producing trains to common antimicrobials was obviously higher than that of non-ESBLs-producing train and the former also resisted the aminoglycosides and quinolones. Conclusions The incidence of ESBLs bacterium in nosocomial infection in this region is comparatively low, but we can not pay little attention to the abuse of antibiotics.