我国中药专利创造性的现状分析

通过对国家知识产权局公布的我国1998-2003年授予中药专利相关数据进行整理,比较分析了不同类型中药专利授权的数量,中药复方与有效成分专利数量、中药职务与非职务专利数量的发展差异,结果表明发明专利明显多于中药实用新型、外观设计专利,中药复方专利大大超过中药有效成分专利,与中药职务专利比较中药非职务专利占绝对优势。而在授予中药专利中,中药有效成分专利、中药职务专利的比例,恰恰正是衡量中药是否具有创造性的重要指标。这一差异反映了我国现阶段中药专利创造性较低的现状。在我国中药专利创造性认定讨论的基础上,分析了造成这一现状的原因,并提出我国专利法应尽快确定并完善中药专利创造性标准,加大力度鼓励企业与个人在技术上提高中药的创造性,增强知识产权保护的能力和中药的国际竞争力。

Analysis on present situation of patent creativity for Chinese materia medica in China

According to the relative data of the patents awarded in the field of Chinese materia medica (CMM) announced by State Intellectual Property Office of P. R. China during 1998-2003, the amounts of CMM patents awarded with different types, compounds and active constituents, and service and non-service patents of CMM were compared and analysed. The amounts of inventive CMM patents have been more than that of the patents of utility model and design, the patents of CMM compound have greatly exceeded the patents of active constituent of CMM. Non-service patents of CMM has absolute predominance compared with the service patents. However, percentage of patents of active constituents and service patents of CMM are important targets to measure the creativity of CMM patents. This difference has reflected the present situation of CMM in China-lack of creativity. Based on the authentication of CMM creative patent, the cause of the above-mentioned situation has been analysized, and that our Patent Law should perfect the criterions of the CMM creative patent has been proposed so as to encourage the individuals and enterprises to advance the creativity of CMM in skills furtherly and strengthen the ability of protecting Intellectual Property Right and power of international competition for CMM.