自体动静脉内瘘血管瘤并发症的防治

自体动静脉内瘘血管瘤并发症几乎涉及所有维持性透析患者,常在内瘘穿刺后数月或数年出现,逐年增加,其发生与血流动力学改变、手术技巧、内瘘穿刺使用、患者基础状况均有关,与内瘘狭窄、血栓互为因果,显著缩短内瘘寿命,降低透析患者生存质量。受到透析中心医师、护士及患者三方面的影响,内瘘全程维护、积极处理血管瘤并发症有助于延长内瘘寿命。合理控制内瘘的血流动力学效应,提高手术技巧,改善穿刺技术,改良穿刺针,减少穿刺损伤,延缓动脉硬化,加强内瘘维护,及时手术或血管内介入处理血管瘤,对延长内瘘使用寿命、提高透析患者生存质量具有极为重要的意义。

Progress in prevention and treatment of hemangioma complications of autogenous arteriovenous fistulas

Hemangioma complications of autogenous arteriovenous fistulas are common in dialysis patients, involving almost all the maintenance dialysis patients, it often occurs after a few months or a few years after a fistula used, increases year by year. Its occurrence is due to hemodynamic changes, fistula surgical techniques, puncture skills and basic condition of the patients. Hemangioma complications are related to fistula stenosis and thrombosis, significantly shorten the life of the fistulas, reduce quality of life of dialysis patients. Physicians and nurses of dialysis centers and dialysis patients affected hemangioma complications, their careful maintenance, early treatment of such complications will prolong the life of fistula. To effectively control hemodynamic effects of the fistula, improve surgical techniques, improve puncture skills and puncture needle to reduce puncture injury, delay arteriosclerosis, strengthen fistula maintenance, timely surgical or endovascular treatment of hemangioma of the fistula, extension of fistula life and improve the quality of life of dialysis patients has extremely important significance.