早产儿的并发症及防治

根据WHO1993年的规定,早产定义为孕期小于37周的分娩。中国早产儿发生率为5%~15%,早产儿占围生儿死亡的75%~80%。早产儿并发症常见有肺透明膜病、新生儿呼吸暂停、肺大量出血、支气管肺发育不良症、动脉导管未闭、新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎等。这些并发症增加了早产儿的病死率。预防早产、降低早产儿发生率尤为重要。

The Prevention and Treatment of the Complications of Premature Newborn

According to WHO＇s rule made in 1993 ,premature newborn was defined as a neonatus delivered before 37 weeks＇ pregnancy. In China, the incidence of the premature newborn was 5% - 15% ,premature newborn account for 75% - 80% of the perinatal mortality. The complications of the premature newborn include hyaline membrane disease, newborn apnea, pulmonary hemorrhage, broncbopulmanary dysplasia,patent ductus arteriosus and necrotizing enterocolitis,etc. These complications increase the death rate of premature newborn. So it is very important to prevent the preterm birth and reduce the incidence of premature newborn.