母乳喂养认知行为现状及纯母乳喂养的影响因素调查

目的调查母乳喂养认知行为现状及纯母乳喂养的影响因素。方法随机选择378例孕产妇进行产前母乳喂养认知、产后喂养行为调查及母乳喂养认知和纯母乳喂养影响因素分析。结果产前母乳喂养认知调查中,孕妇母乳喂养知识整体认知不足,其中按需哺乳、挤乳及母乳保存、母乳喂养充足指标的认知最为欠缺。产后纯母乳喂养组和非纯母乳喂养组当前乳汁量、哺乳后婴儿反应、每日哺乳次数、每次哺乳时间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。文化程度是母乳喂养认知的危险因素,产次是母乳喂养认知的保护因素(P<0.05),胎数、家庭收入是纯母乳喂养的危险因素,产次、社会支持是纯母乳喂养的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论孕妇对母乳喂养的认知不足,母乳喂养认知行为及纯母乳喂养受到文化程度、生育史、家庭、社会等因素影响,应加强孕妇科学喂养知识宣传和普及,改善母乳喂养认知和行为。

Diagnoses of breastfeeding and cognitive behavioral circumstances influencing factors of exclusive breastfeeding

Objective To investigate the situation of breasffeeding and exclusive breastfeeding cognitive behavioral factor. Methods A total of 378 cases were randomly selected for prenatal maternal perception of breasffeeding, postpar- tum feeding behavior investigation and exclusive breastfeeding breastfeeding awareness and influencing factors. Results Prenatal breasffeeding awareness survey, pregnant women, breastfeeding knowledge of the overall lack of knowledge, which demand breast-feeding, milking and milk preservation, awareness of breasffeeding adequacy indicators most lacking. Exclusive breasffeeding postpartum group and non-exclusive breastfeeding group were currently the amount of milk, breast-feeding the baby after the reaction, the daily feeding times, each feeding time, the difference were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Education level was a risk factor for cognitive breastfeeding, parity was a protective factor for cognitive breasffeeding（P〈0.05）, the number of births, family income were risk factors for exclusive breastfeeding, pari- ty, social support exclusive breastfeeding protective factors （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Pregnant women lack awareness of breastfeeding, breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding cognitive behavioral situation by education, reproductive history, family, social and other factors, pregnant women should be strengthened propaganda and popularization of scientific feeding, breastfeeding cognitive improvement and behavior.