短暂性脑缺血发作发展至脑梗死危险因素研究

目的探讨短暂性脑缺血发作发展至脑梗死的危险因素。方法研究对象为2011年7月~2013年9月我院收治的165例TIA患者,将患者分为非脑梗死组119例,脑梗死组46例,均为TIA发展至脑梗死的患者,采用统计学方法分析两组患者的基础临床资料(性别、TIA累及的脑血管系统、是否吸烟及长期大量饮酒、是否伴有高血压及糖尿病)、TIA发作频率及发作持续时间、血清各项指标(TG、TCH、HDL、LDL、FIB)。结果 (1)TIA后发生脑梗死的患者的性别、TIA累及的脑血管系统、吸烟、长期大量饮酒、高血压及糖尿病等患者所占比例与非脑梗死组患者比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)脑梗死组患者的发作频率高于非脑梗死组,而发作持续时间长于非脑梗死组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)脑梗死组患者的TG、LDL及FIB均明显高于非脑梗死组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而脑梗死组及非脑梗死组患者的TCH、HDL比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 TIA发作持续时间较长、发作频率高、TG、LDL及FIB水平升高均为TIA发展至脑梗死的危险因素,临床应提高重视程度,降低脑梗死的发生率。

Study on the risk factors of the transient ischemic attack to the development of cerebral infarction

Objective To investigate the risk factors of the transient ischemic attack to the development of cerebral in- farction. Methods The subjects included 165 cases of TIA patients were selected from the July 2011 to September 2013 in our hospital,patients were divided into non-cerebral ischemia group and had 119 cases,cerebral ischemia group and had 46 cases,all of them were developed to cerebral infarction in patients with TIA, The clinical data （gen- der, TIA involving the cerebral vascular system, smoking and long-term heavy drinking, is associated with hyperten- sion and diabetes）,TIA onset seizure frequency and duration, serum indicators（TG, TCH, HDL, LDL, FIB） of the two groups were analyzed by statistical method. Results （1）There were no significant differences in the proportion of sex, TIA involving the cerebral vascular system,smoking,long-term heavy alcohol consumption, high blood pressure and diabetes between TIA patients with cerebral infarction and no-cerebral infarction group （P〉0.05）. （2）The seizure fre- quency in patients with cerebral infarction was higher than that of non-cerebral infarction group, while the attack lasts of cerebral infarction group was longer than non-cerebral infarction group, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. （3）TG, LDL and FIB of the cerebral infarction group were significantly higher than non-cerebral infarction group,the difference was statistically significant （P 〈0.05）; while there were no significant differences in TCH, HDL be- tween the cerebral infarction group and no-cerebral infarction group（P〉0.05）. Conclusion TIA episodes of longer dura- tion, high seizure frequency,TG, LDL and FIB levels are developed to TIA stroke risk factors, clinical emphasis should be increased to reduce the incidence of cerebral infarction.