长期维持性血液透析患者的心理问题及护理干预

目的 探讨维持性血液透析患者的心理问题及护理干预,以提高其生活质量.方法 将102例维持性血液透析患者分为两组,A组51例为对照组,B组51例为干预组,采用抑郁自评量表（SDS）及焦虑自评量表（SAS）对患者进行评分.根据评价结果对干预组进行有计划的护理干预,内容包括满足患者合理要求、消除患者心理障碍、提高患者适应能力、改善患者心理环境.结果 干预组SAS、SDS分值出现显著差异（P＜0.01）,对照组测量分值未见明显变化（P＞0.05）.结论 对维持性血液透析患者进行恰当的心理干预,可有效减轻患者的抑郁、焦虑、恐惧、紧张、悲观等情绪,改善心理环境,提高患者的生活质量,延长其生存时间,具有重要临床意义.

Psychological problems and nursing intervention of long-term maintenance hemodialysis patients

Objective To explore the psychological problems and nursing intervention of the maintenance hemodialysis patients, in order to improve the quality of their lives. Methods One hundred and two cases of hemodialysis patients were divided into two groups, in which 51 cases were group A （control group） and 51 cases were group B （intervention group）. Self-rating depression scale （SDS） and self-rating anxiety scale （SAS） were used to score the 102 cases hemodialysis patients. According to the evaluation results, the systematic nursing intervention were carried out for 51 cases of intervention group, including meeting the patients＇ reasonable requirements, eliminating psychological barriers of patients, improving the patients＇ adapting ability and patients＇ psychological environment. Results The results of SAS and SDS scale of intervention group appeared significant difference （P 〈 0.01）. while the result of the control group had no obvious change （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion Proper psychological intervention can effectively reduce the pa- tients＇ depression, anxiety, fear, nervousness, pessimistic psychology, improve their psychological environment, pro- mote the patient＇s quality of life and prolong the survival time. It has important clinical significance for patients with maintenance hemodialysis.