城市成人超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖的流行特征和相关危险因素分析

目的了解中国城市成人超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖的分布特征及其危险因素,为制定肥胖防控的策略提供科学依据。方法采用二阶段整群抽样,选取2009年在北京和重庆两地参加健康体检的79012名城市人群,测量其身高、体重、腰围,按年龄、性别、地区分层计算超重、肥胖和中心性肥胖率,采用Logistic回归分析相关危险因素。结果我国城市成人的超重、肥胖率分别为36.7%和11.6%,约44.8%的成人为中心性肥胖,在体重正常（BMI<18.5kg/m²）的人群中,仍有12.1%为中心性肥胖。男性的超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖率均高于女性,随年龄段的增加性别差异逐渐缩小。北京和重庆两地超重率已相差不大,但肥胖和中心性肥胖的患病率仍然是北方地区高于西南地区。年龄增大、生活在北方地区、不良生活习惯均为超重肥胖或中心性肥胖的危险因素。结论我国城市人群的超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖呈现较高的患病水平,应充分关注中心性肥胖的增长趋势。

The epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of overweight,obesity and central obesity among Chinese urban adults

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors of overweight, obesity and central obesity among Chinese urban adults, and to provide scientific basis for developing strategies for preventing and controlling obesity. Methods We did a cross-sectional survey among 79,012 urban adults selected from the health examination centers in Beijing and Chongqing by two stage cluster sampling in 2009. Their height, weight and waist circumference were measured. The prevalence of overweight, obesity and central obesity was calculated by ages, sexes and regions. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the associated risk factors. Results The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity among the urban adults was 36.7% and 11.6% respectively. The prevalence of central obesity was 44.8% overall, and was 12.1% among adults with normal weight (BMI<18.5kg/m²). The rates of overweight, obesity and central obesity were higher in males than in females, and the gender difference was gradually reduced with the increasing age. Little difference existed in the prevalence of overweight between Beijing and Chongqing, but the prevalence of obesity and central obesity was still higher in the north than in the southwest. Advanced age, living in the north and unhealthy life styles were all risk factors for obesity or central obesity. Conclusions The prevalence of overweight, obesity and central obesity among Chinese urban adults is high. Full attention should be given to the increasing trend of central obesity.