上海市女性居民宫颈癌筛查知识和行为现状调查

目的]了解上海市女性居民对宫颈癌筛查的知识和行为现状,为有针对性地开展健康教育和早期筛查工作提供科学依据。方法]于2010年8—9月,对上海市7 909例15岁及以上女性居民的宫颈癌筛查知识和相关检查参与情况进行分析。结果]对宫颈癌异常体征（7 908例）和宫颈细胞定期涂片筛查知识（7 907例）的知晓率：15岁及以上女性居民分别为54.29%和34.88%;居住于中心城区者知晓率较高（分别为59.49%和39.41%）;18～44岁年龄组的知晓率较高（分别为62.04%和40.30%）;大专及以上者的知晓率较高（分别为70.29%和49.33%）。18岁及以上的调查对象（6 973例）接受宫颈脱落细胞检查的比例为32.37%,不同年龄和文化程度者的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.001）,其中18～44岁和未接受正规学校教育的女性受检比例较低（分别为26.96%和20.69%）。在曾经做过宫颈脱落细胞检查的2 223例女性居民中,最近一次检查距调查时的时间间隔中位数为2.00年。结论]上海市女性居民对宫颈癌筛查的认知度较高,但参加相关筛查的比例相对较低。应加强该人群宫颈癌筛查知识的健康教育和行为指导,以提高其宫颈癌筛查的参与率及主动防癌健康检查的比例。

Knowledge and Behavior of Female Residents in Shanghai Regarding Cervical Cancer Screening

Objective ] To investigate the knowledge and behavior concerning early screening for cervical cancer among female residents in Shanghai. Methods ] A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 7 909 female residents （ ≥ 15 years old） in August-September 2010 in Shanghai to collect information about the awareness of and participation in the early detection of cervical cancer. Results ] The awareness rates of abnormal signs of cervical cancer （7908 female residents） and cervical smear test （7907 female residents） were 54.29% and 34.88% respectively, and the urban residents （59.49% and 39.41%）, 18-44 age group （62.04% and 40.30%）, and subjects having college and above education （70.29% and 49.33%） reported higher rates. The percentage of ever receiving cervical smear tests was 32.37% of the 6973 residents aged above 18 years, and varied among age groups and education levels （P〈0.O01）, with the lowest percentage in the 18-44 age group （26.96%） and the illiterate group （20,69%）. Among the 2223 female residents who had ever got cervical smear tests, the median time interval from last test to the day of survey was 2.00 years. Conclusion ] The female residents in Shanghai generally have a high awareness but a low receiving rate of early detection of cervical cancer. The findings indicate health education and behavior intervention on cervical cancer prevention and control should be a focus in this population to encourage their participation and initiative.