骨盆截骨术治疗髋脱位的生物力学分析与临床应用

目的：探讨骨盆截骨术治疗髋关节脱位的生物力学效果，为临床提供理论依据。方法：采用骨盆－髋－股骨头完整新鲜尸标本４具，应用实验方法测定骨盆－髋－股骨头上压应力、剪应力、髂部应力以及不同髋臼指数下股骨头的下沉位移与髋臼接触应力。结果：表明不同髋臼指数下，在３０°以下测试组股骨上应力与正常对照组差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５），在３０°以上应力增加较快，两者应力相差１５％，满足手术要求，股骨头位移里相似规律性，髋部接触应力集中有所改善。结论：骨盆截骨术治疗够脱位是一种既符合生物力学原理，又安全可靠的造盖术，具有一定的临床应用价值。

BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS AND CLINICAL APPLICATION OF CURING DISLOCATION OF THE HIP BY PELVIS OSTEOTOMY

Objective:To investegate the biomechanical effects of curing the dislocation of the hip by pelvis osteotomy. and provide a theoretical basis for clinical application. Method: Measure the compression stress. shear stress. iliac stress as well as down displacement of femoral head and acetabulum contact stress under different acetabulum exponents by applying experimental stress analysis on four full pelvis-hip-femora cadaver samples. Results: Show, under different acetabulum exponents, if the testing exponent is lower than 30°. there is no big difference between measured stress on femora and standard values (P>0.05), while if the exponent is higher than 30°, the measured stress increase fast, the difference between measured and standard values approached 15%, which fulfils the operation demands. The displacement of femora head behaves according similar rule and the contact stress concentration on hip has also been improved. Conclusion: Curing the dislocation of the hip by pelvis osteotomy not only suits biomechanical principle, but also it is a safe and secure shelf opration. it has certain clinical application.