丽水市食用菌中多种农药残留调查

目的了解丽水市食用菌中32种杀虫剂和14种杀菌剂的残留水平,为食用菌的质量安全监管提供依据。方法 2018年4月-2019年6月随机从丽水市多个农贸市场和超市采集食用菌(香菇、杏鲍菇、金针菇、茶树菇、木耳、银耳、鸡腿菇和其他食用菌)共29份,采用气相色谱-质谱法检测农药残留。结果 29份食用菌检出农药残留样品7份,总检出率为24.1%,检出浓度为0.011 0 mg/kg~0.165 mg/kg。香菇、茶树菇、木耳、银耳和平菇均有农药残留检出,香菇中农药残留检出率高达60.0%,其次是茶树菇、木耳和银耳,均为50.0%。从农药种类来看,检出二硫代氨基甲酸酯4份,检出率为13.8%,检出浓度为0.062 2 mg/kg~0.165 mg/kg;检出氯氟氰菊酯3份,检出率为10.3%,检出浓度为0.011 0 mg/kg~0.012 8 mg/kg;嘧霉胺和多菌灵各有1份样品检出,检出浓度均为0.020 0 mg/kg。其他种类的农药未检出。结论丽水市香菇、木耳、银耳、茶树菇和平菇均有部分农药残留,需加强对食用菌业合理用药的指导与监管。

Investigation of pesticide residues in edible fungi in Lishui City

Objective To investigate the residue levels of 32 pesticides and 14 fungicides in edible fungi in Lishui City,and to provide basis for the quality and safety supervision of edible fungi. Methods A total of 29 edible fungi(Lentinus edodes,Pleurotus eryngii,Flammulina edodes,Camellia sinensis,Agaric fungus,Tremella fungus,Critinus edodes and other edible fungi) were randomly collected from farmers’ markets and supermarkets in Lishui City from April 2018 to June 2019. The pesticide residues were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results Seven samples of 29 edible fungi were detected with a total detection rate of 24. 1%,and the detection concentration ranged from 0. 011 0 mg/kg to 0. 165 mg/kg. The pesticide residues in Lentinus edodes,Camellia sinensis edodes,Fungus agaricae,Tremella tremella and Pleurotus ostreatus were all detected. The pesticide residues in Lentinus edodes were as high as 60. 0%,followed by Camellia sinensis edodes,Fungus agaricae and Tremella ostreatus,which were all 50. 0%. In terms of pesticide species,4 fractions of dithiocarbamate were detected,the detection rate was 13. 8%,and the detection concentration was within 0. 062 2 mg/kg-0. 165 mg/kg. Three fractions of cyhalothrin were detected,the detection rate was 10. 3%,and the detection concentration was within 0. 011 0 mg/kg-0. 012 8 mg/kg. One sample of pyrimethanil and carbendazim were detected with the concentration of 0. 020 0 mg/kg. Other pesticides were not detected. Conclusion Pesticide residues exist in Lentinus edodes,Agaric,tremella,Camellia edodes and Pleurotus ostreatus in Lishui City,so it is necessary to strengthen the guidance and supervision of rational drug use in edible fungi industry.