低价药政策对低价药品价格的影响评估

目的从政策实施效果评估出发,分析低价药品取消最高限价政策后对低价药价格的影响,为优化我国药品价格改革及探索药品价格形成机制提供证据支持。方法从某三甲医院信息管理系统调取2015年1月1日—2019年9月30日低价药品采购数据,分析实施低价药政策后对低价药品价格的变化趋势。结果该医院在实施低价药政策后低价药价格明显上涨,92个低价药品中有71个品种出现价格上涨,占77.17%,尤其是价格偏低的注射剂型涨价幅度更大,最大涨价幅度达10929.41%。导致低价药价格上涨的原因包括药品原材料、人工和运输、包装材料等价格的上涨,以及药品“两票制”政策的实施。结论低价药政策实施后低价药品价格出现明显上涨趋势,并且这种上涨趋势一直在持续。建议相关部门进一步完善药品招标采购体制,制定合理的药品定价机制与监管体系;对恶意提高药价的违规行为加大处罚力度;对于用量少、临床必需的药品采取定点生产和国家储备等相关措施,稳定药品价格,保障患者权益。

Evaluation of the Impact of Low-price Drug Policy on Low-price Drug Price

Objective To analyze the impact of abolishing the ceiling price policy on the price of low-cost drugs before and after the implementation based on the evaluation of policy implementation effect,in order to provide evidence support for optimizing drug price reform and exploring the mechanism of drug price formation.Methods The low-cost drug purchase data was collected from January 1st,2015 to September 30th,2019 through the hospital information management system of a Class 3 first level general hospital to analyze the change trend of low-cost drug price after the implementation of low-cost drug policy.Results After the implementation of the low-price drug policy,the price of these drugs increased significantly.There were 71 of the 92 low-cost drugs having experienced price increase,accounting for 77.17%.In particular,the price of injectable drugs of low-cost drugs increased even more,with the maximum price increase of 10929.41%.The reasons for the rise in prices of low-cost drugs include the rising prices of pharmaceutical raw materials,labor,transportation,and packaging materials,as well as the implementation of the"two-vote"policy for drugs.Conclusion The price of drugs increased significantly after the implementation of the low-price drugs policy,and this upward trend has been continuing.It is suggested that the drug bidding and procurement system should be improved,and a reasonable drug pricing mechanism and regulatory system should be formulated.Meanwhile,penalties for the illegal behavior of malicious increase of drug price should be imposed stronger.For the drugs with small dosage and clinical necessity,relevant measures such as fixed-point production and national reserve could be applied,so as to stabilize the drug price and protect the rights and interests of patients.