腓肠神经的营养血管临床应用解剖研究

目的研究腓肠神经营养血管的解剖特点，为临床设计腓肠神经营养血管逆行皮瓣，提供解剖学基础。方法采用人体标本全身动脉灌注填充剂和局部解剖血管铸型方法，观察测量腓肠神经营养血管来源、吻合情况及相关数据。结果腓肠神经营养血管来源于腓肠内、外侧皮神经的营养动脉、胭窝内、外侧皮动脉及胭窝中间皮动脉。此动脉在小腿下1／3段与腓动脉肌间穿支吻合成血管网。结论腓肠神经营养血管有多源性、吻合丰富的特点，以腓肠神经营养血管设计逆行皮瓣，血供较好，修复足部软组织缺损能获得较好效果。

Clinical applied anatomic research of sural nerve''''s nutrient vessels

Objective To research anatomical characteristic of sural nerve＇ s nutrient vessels, for the base of anatomy for clinical design to sural nerve＇ s nutrient vessels retrograde skin flap. Methods The whole arteria of human body was perfused with the filling materials to topography vesssels model to observe, and sural nerve＇s nutrient vessels were tested. Results We found the sural nerve＇s nutrient vessels that consisted of the nutrient arteria of inner sural ＆ outside nerve＇s cutaneus, fossa poplitea ＆ outside arteriosum cutaneum and the nervus cutaneus in the middle of fossa poplitea. This arteria wass made up the vessels net with arteria peronaea which are lied in the point of 1/3 of the shank. Conclusion There is plenty of polyphyly anastomosis of sural nerve＇ s nutrient vessels and there will be better for offering the flood through the sural nerve＇s nutrient vessels design retrograde skin flap. We can get a better result through the way of repairing the lack of foot soft tissue.