医学生考试焦虑与应对方式的关系研究

目的探讨医科大学生考试焦虑和应对方式的关系,为考试焦虑的干预提供理论依据。方法应用考试焦虑量表（TA S）和应对方式问卷对1983名医学生进行问卷调查,分析考试焦虑和应对方式的关系。结果医学生考试焦虑的检出率为37.7%。高水平焦虑的学生占10.4%。考试焦虑存在性别、年级、专业差异（t=9.181,15.983,9.074;P〈0.01）;不同年级、性别、专业的学生有不同的应对方式。考试焦虑与应对方式的解决问题、求助存在负相关,与自责、幻想、退避、合理化存在显著的正相关（P〈0.01）。医学生考试焦虑与应对方式密切相关,有考试焦虑者多采用消极应对方式,而无考试焦虑者多采用积极应对方式。结论积极应对能缓解考试焦虑,消极应对则反之。在干预应对方式时,应注重培养学生的自信心,减少自责,从而降低学生考试焦虑水平。

Test Anxiety and Coping Style of Medical College Students

Objective To investigate the relationship between test anxiety and coping style of medical college students,and offer theoretical evidence to prevent test anxiety.Methods Test anxiety scale and coping-style questionnaire were used to complete the survey in a sample 1983 Shanxi medical college students.Results The prevalence of test anxiety was 37.7%.There were 10.4% college students having obvious test anxiety.Gender differences existed in test anxiety and the degree of test anxiety is higher in girls than boys generally.Test anxiety is also different among grade.With the increase of grade,text anxiety reduces gradually.1With regard to coping-style,gender differences are not significant difference in the problem-solving and the fantasy factor.However,in the era,retreats,help,rationalization,differences are significant.The grade factor influences the students＇ behavior,and high-grade students are more tend to use positive coping-style.The correlation study between test anxiety and coping-style indicated that the problem-solving and help were negatively correlated with text anxiety,self-accusation,fantasy,retreats and rationalization had significant positive correlation.Conclusion The active copingstyle can alleviate test anxiety,otherwise the negative response.In the intervention approach of coping-style,we should pay attention to cultivate students＇ self-confidence,reduce their self-accusation,thereby reduce students＇ test anxiety.