居住环境及室内空气污染与肺癌发病关系病例对照研究

  目的  探讨大气污染物与温度对天津市河西区人群肺癌早死寿命损失年（YLL）的交互作用，为肺癌死亡影响因素研究提供参考依据。  方法  收集天津市河西区人群2015年1月1日 — 2017年12月31日的肺癌死亡相关数据及2015 — 2017年天津市河西区空气质量监测点环保监测数据和天津市气象数据，应用分布滞后非线性模型建立双变量响应面模型及单污染物和多污染物温度交互模型，分析大气污染物与温度对天津市河西区人群肺癌YLL的交互作用。
  结果  相对于参考温度16.3 ℃，高温（34 ℃）和低温（– 13 ℃）分别使天津市河西区人群每日肺癌YLL上升1.12 %（95 % CI = 0.58 %～2.16 %）和1.49 %（95 % CI = 0.16 %～14.25 %）；细颗粒物（PM_2.5）、二氧化氮（NO₂）、一氧化碳（CO）、臭氧（O₃）-1 h和O₃-8 h可分别导致天津市河西区人群肺癌YLL上升1.00 %（95 % CI = 0.98 %～1.03 %）、1.01 %（95 % CI = 0.95 %～1.08 %）、1.01 %（95 % CI = 0.99 %～1.03 %）、1.03 %（95 % CI = 0.98 %～1.09 %）和1.03 %（95 % CI = 0.98 %～1.09 %）；且在低温时，每升高10 μg/m³的PM_2.5和NO₂可分别导致天津市河西区人群肺癌YLL上升4.14 %（95 % CI = 0.55 %～7.85 %和5.44 %（95 % CI = – 4.80 %～16.78 %）。  结论  高温和低温以及PM_2.5、NO₂、CO、O₃-1h和O₃-8 h均能增加每日肺癌YLL，且低温时PM_2.5和NO₂对每日肺癌YLL影响的效应较强。

Understanding lung cancer screening behavior: racial,gender, and geographic differences among Indiana long-term smokers

  Objective  To explore interactive effect of air pollutants and temperature on years of life lost (YLL) due to lung cancer and to provide references for studies on impacts of lung cancer mortality.  Methods  We collected data of Hexi district on lung cancer mortality in the residents, air pollutants monitoring, and meteorology observation during the period from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017. Bivariate response surface model, uni- and multi-pollutant and temperature interactive model were established using non-linear lag distribution to analyze the interactive effect of air pollutants and temperature on lung cancer-related YLL in the population of the district.  Results  Relative to the reference temperature of 16.3 ℃, high temperature (34 ℃) and low temperature (– 13 ℃) increased YLL of lung cancer by 1.12% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.58% – 2.16%) and 1.49% (95% CI: 0.16% – 14.25%). Particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM_2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), one-hour average ozone (O₃-1h), and eight-hour average ozone (O₃-8h) could increase YLL of lung cancer by 1.00% (95% CI: 0.98% – 1.03%), 1.01% (95% CI: 0.95% – 1.08%), 1.
01% (95% CI: 0.99% – 1.03%), 1.03% (95% CI: 0.98% – 1.09%), and 1.03% (95% CI: 0.98% – 1.09%), respectively. Under the low temperature, a 10 μg/m³ increment in PM_2.5 and NO₂ could increase the YLL of lung cancer by 4.14% (95% CI:0.55% – 7.85%) and 5.44% (95% CI: – 4.80% – 16.78%).   Conclusion  High and low temperature, PM_2.5, NO₂, CO, O₃-1h and O₃-8h can all increase daily YLL of lung cancer in an exposed population and the effect of PM_2.5 and NO₂ are stronger under low temperature.