我国健康医疗大数据应用发展模式分析

近年来，国家高度重视健康医疗大数据的发展应用与建设，为了高效的利用健康医疗大数据，中国当前采取的是中心化数据共享模式，但在该模式下仍存在激励机制和约束机制不完善情况。本研究通过对美国、日本两国医疗数据共享的理念与模式进行分析，同时结合卫生体系学中卫生绩效评价的三力建设（能力、压力、动力），提出了一种含部门认证的第三方医疗数据处理机构参与的中心化健康医疗大数据共享模式，并对该模式中不同主体的激励与约束机制进行阐述，最后就完善健康医疗大数据法律法规中的明确数据所有权、认证第三方医疗数据处理机构、构建综合治理体系进行了讨论。

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996. Public Law 104-191

Great emphasis has been placed recently on the development, application and associated capacity construction of health care big data in China. A centralized data sharing mode is currently adopted in China for efficient use of health care big data, but the incentive and restrictive mechanism in the data utilization are still imperfect under this mode. In this study, through analyzing the concept and mode of medical data sharing in the United States and Japan and systematically evaluating the performance in the construction of three aspects (capacity, pressure and motivation) related to health big data sharing in China, we proposed the centralized health care big data sharing mode with the participation of third - party – institutions certified by governmental departments in medical data processing; we also discussed some issues relevant to the proposed data sharing mode, including the incentives and restriction for different participants, laws and regulations on ownership of the shared data, and comprehensive management system.