新冠疫情对我国应急物资储备的影响分析

  目的  了解新冠肺炎期间公众对应急物资的抢购与囤购行为及其影响因素，为政府正确引导突发公共卫生事件下公众应对行为提供依据。  方法  采用网络调查方法于2020年8月对全国31个省市自治区进行问卷调查。  结果  共收集有效问卷19132份。低年龄、高中及以下的公众更易发生抢购、囤购行为，已婚的公众更倾向发生囤购行为。主动搜索信息、关注疫情信息、地区疫情严重、恐慌情绪、情绪易感、地区高风险、周围人感染、媒体报道严重性是影响公众采取抢购、囤购行为的影响因素。  结论  针对性地向不同特征人群靶向输入疫情发展态势信息，降低民众对于疫情的恐慌感，完善我国应急物品的保障和供应机制，维持防护物品的价格稳定可避免发生应急物资囤购行为。

The affect heuristic

  Objective  To examine the prevalence and influencing factors of panic buying and hoarding of emergency supplies among the public during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and to provide a reference for developing government guidance for public responses towards public health emergencies.  Methods  Using a self-designed questionnaire on perception and response behavior of epidemic risk under regular prevention and control implementation, we carried out an online voluntary anonymous survey among adult internet users (≥ 18 years) in 31 provincial level regions across China between 3 – 13 of August, 2020.  Results  Valid information were collected from a total of 19 132 respondents. Of the respondents, 80.2% reported panic buying of supplies related to COVID-19 epidemic response and 89.6% reported stockpiling of emergency supplies. Univariate analysis showed that the participants' panic buying and stockpiling were significantly impacted by searching for epidemic information actively, paying attention to epidemic information, local epidemic severity, panic mood, emotional susceptibility, regional epidemic risk level, with infected individuals around oneself, and epidemic severity in media coverage. The results of logistic regression analysis revealed that the participants at young age and with the education of high school and below are more likely to have panic buying and stockpiling; while the participants being married are more likely to have stockpiling.  Conclusion  Panic buying and hoarding of emergency supplies were common and influenced by multiple factors among the public during COVID-19 epidemic in China, suggesting that targeted intervention measures for various people groups should be promoted by relevant governmental agencies.