中国儿童第一恒磨牙龋齿患病状况分析

  目的  对深圳市适龄儿童六龄牙窝沟封闭项目进行卫生经济学评价。  方法  根据2015年深圳市窝沟封闭项目的开展情况，从已开展免费窝沟封闭项目的学校和未开展免费窝沟封闭项目学校的7～8岁学生中按纳入排除标准选择研究对象，随访2年，检查其窝沟封闭情况和患龋情况。  结果  2016年研究对象为2 811人，2017年研究对象为2 803人；第一恒磨牙龋患保护率2016年为42.11 %，2017年为38.42 %；总体纯收益率2016年为4.12 %，2017年为4.72 %；2016年和2017年的成本 – 效果比分别为849.79和740.74元；2016和2017年的成本 – 效益比分别为3.73和3.41。  结论  2016和2017年深圳市适龄儿童六龄齿窝沟封闭项目效果显著，纯收益稍低，成本 – 效益良好。

Sociobehavioural risk factors in dental caries-international perspectives

  Objective  To evaluate cost-benefit of pit and fissure sealant of first permanent molar among school-age children in Shenzhen city.  Methods  Using stratified multistage random sampling, we recruited 2 811 school children aged 7 – 8 years in Shenzhen city in 2016 and assigned 1 510 students into a case group with pit and fissure sealant of first permanent molar and 1 301 without the treatment into a control group. All the students were followed up and examined for carries prevalence in 2017.  Results  The protection rate of pit and fissure sealant against caries of first permanent molar was 42.11% in 2016 among 2 811 students and 38.42% in 2017 among 2 803 students. The overall net profit yield of pit and fissure sealant of first permanent molar was 4.12% in 2016 and 4.72% in 2017; the cost-effective ratio was 849.79 yuan (RMB) for the expense of preventing one permanent molar from carries in 2016 and the ratio was 740.74 yuan in 2017; the benefit-cost ratio for the project in 2016 and 2017 were 3.73 and 3.41, respectively.  Conclusion  In 2016 and 2017, the project of pit and fissure sealant of first permanent molar among school-age children in Shenzhen city achieved remarkable effectiveness; the cost-benefit of the project is good but the net profit yield is slightly low.