Air Pollution modifies the association between successful and pathological aging throughout the frailty condition |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Medicine, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Einstein – Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, New York, NY 10461, United States;2. University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy;3. ASL Avellino, Italy;4. Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, “Federico II” University, Naples , Italy;5. Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States;1. Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China;2. Shanghai Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China;3. West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China;4. Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510640, China;5. Saint Louis University College for Public Health & Social Justice, St. Louis, MO, USA |
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| Abstract: | The rapid growth in the number of older adults has many implications for public health, including the need to better understand the risks posed by environmental exposures. Aging leads to a decline and deterioration of functional properties at the cellular, tissue and organ level. This loss of functional properties yields to a loss of homeostasis and decreased adaptability to internal and external stress. Frailty is a geriatric syndrome characterized by weakness, weight loss, and low activity that is associated with adverse health outcomes. Frailty manifests as an age-related, biological vulnerability to stressors and decreased physiological reserves. Ambient air pollution exposure affects human health, and elderly people appear to be particularly susceptible to its adverse effects.The aim of this paper is to discuss the role of air pollution in the modulation of several biological mechanisms involved in aging. Evidence is presented on how air pollution can modify the bidirectional association between successful and pathological aging throughout the frailty conditions. |
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| Keywords: | Aging Air pollution Biological mechanisms Frailty Particulate matter |
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