Molecular epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics of Echovirus 3 serotype |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 26, Ploutonos & Aeolou str., Larissa 41 221, Greece;2. University of Ioannina, Medical School, Department of Microbiology, Ioannina, Greece;1. Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy of Life-Style Related Disease, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;2. Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;3. Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;1. Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China;2. Nanjing Children''s Hospital, Nanjing, China;3. College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA;1. University of Thessaly, School of Health Sciences, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Microbiology-Virology Laboratory, Larissa, Greece;2. University of Ioannina, Medical School, Department of Microbiology, Ioannina, Greece;1. Cooperative Research Programs/Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Lincoln University, Jefferson City, MO 65101, USA;2. Center for Agroforestry and Department of Forestry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;3. Agriculture Extension ? Food Science and Nutrition, University of Missouri, 205 Agricultural Engineering, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;4. Animal Sciences Division, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;5. Center of Core Facilities, Cuu Long Delta Rice Research Institute, Tan Thanh ? Thoi Lai ? Can Tho, Vietnam;1. Clinic of Infectious Diseases, South Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden;2. Department of Infectious Medicine/Virology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden;3. Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | Echovirus 3 (E3) serotype has been related with several neurologic diseases, although it constitutes one of the rarely isolated serotypes, with no report of epidemics in Europe. The aim of the present study was to provide insights into the molecular epidemiology and evolution of this enterovirus serotype, while an E3 strain was isolated from sewage in Greece, four years after the initial isolation of the only reported E3 strain in the same geographical region.Phylogenetic analysis of the complete VP1 genomic region of that E3 strain and of those available in GenBank suggested three main genogroups that were further subdivided into seven subgenogroups. Further evolutionary analysis suggested that VP1 genomic region of E3 was dominated by purifying selection, as the vast majority of genetic diversity presumably occurred through synonymous nucleotide substitutions and the substitution rate for complete and partial VP1 sequences was calculated to be 8.13 × 10?3 and 7.72 × 10?3 substitutions/site/year respectively. The partial VP1 sequence analysis revealed the composite epidemiology of this serotype, as the strains of the three genogroups presented different epidemiological characteristics. |
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| Keywords: | Echovirus 3 Enteroviruses Molecular epidemiology Evolution VP1 |
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