Women In Steady Exercise Research (WISER) Sister: Study design and methods |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, 8th floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021, USA;2. Department of Kinesiology, The Penn State University, 276 Recreation Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA;3. Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;4. Department of Food Science and Nutrition, 225 FScN, 1334 Eckles Ave, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA;5. Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;6. Department of Physical Therapy, Richard Stockton College of New Jersey, 101 Vera King Farris Drive, Galloway, NJ 08205-9441, USA;7. Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, 3352 5th Ave, Room 130, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;1. Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France;2. Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France;3. INSERM CIC-P 0005, Bordeaux, France;4. INSERM U657, Bordeaux, France;1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris, France;2. Department of Radiation Oncology, Oncology Institute, Rambam Medical Centre, Haifa, Israel;1. Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;2. Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;3. Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;4. Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;5. Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;6. Division of General Internal Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;7. Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;8. Divisions of Cardiology and Clinical Epidemiology, Jewish General Hospital and McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;9. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada;10. Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;11. Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
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| Abstract: | PurposeWomen at elevated risk for breast cancer are motivated to reduce their risk. Current approaches rely primarily on hormonal intervention. A preventive exercise intervention might address the same hormonal issues, yet have fewer serious side effects and less negative impact on quality of life as compared to prophylactic mastectomy. WISER Sister was a randomized controlled trial which examined effects of two doses of exercise training on endogenous sex hormone exposure, hormonally active breast tissue, and other breast cancer risk factors.MethodsSubjects for this single site trial were recruited from across the U.S., in collaboration with organizations that serve women at elevated risk, via emails, flyers, and letters. Eligibility criteria included age ≥ 18, eumenorrheic, and at elevated risk for breast cancer (e.g. BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation and/or ≥ 18% lifetime risk according to prediction models). A 1:1:1 randomization scheme was used to allocate participants into: control, low dose (150 min/week), or high dose (300 min/week) home based treadmill exercise. Participants provided first morning urine samples daily for two menstrual cycles at study beginning and end for calculation of endogenous hormone exposure. In addition, women completed breast dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, a fasting blood draw, a treadmill exercise test, and surveys at baseline and follow-up.DiscussionWISER Sister randomized 139 women, 122 of whom completed the study. The overall drop-out rate was 12%. Findings will be useful in understanding the potential for exercise to assist with reducing risk for breast cancer among women at elevated risk. |
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