麻黄汤对哮喘小鼠气道炎症的作用

背景气道变应性炎症是哮喘发病的主要病理基础.麻黄汤出自张仲景的<伤寒论>,它是治疗哮喘的基本方,其加减方目前广泛应用于临床.目的探讨麻黄汤对哮喘小鼠气道炎症的作用.设计随机对照观察.单位广东药学院临床医学系内科教研室.材料实验于2003-03/2004-02在广东药学院动物实验室和病理实验室完成,选择36只小鼠.方法将小鼠随机分为正常组、哮喘组、治疗组,每组12只.对照组分别于实验第1,7,14,21天腹腔注入生理盐水0.2 mL,第28天始用生理盐水雾化30min,雾化前60min用生理盐水0.5mL灌胃.连续7 d.哮喘组取含卵蛋白10μg、氢氧化铝20 mg的生理盐水0.2 mL,于第1,7,14,21天腹腔注入.第28天始用50 g/L的卵蛋白生理盐水雾化30 min,雾化前60min用生理盐水0.5mL灌胃.连续7 d.治疗组小鼠的致敏与激发同哮喘组.雾化前60min用麻黄汤0.5mL灌胃.连续7 d.采用苏木精-伊红染色及免疫组织化学染色分析各组小鼠肺组织病理变化及肺组织γ-干扰素和白细胞介素4阳性表达情况.主要观察指标各组小鼠气道浸润细胞及肺组织γ-干扰素、白细胞介素4比较.结果36只小鼠均进入结果分析,无脱失.①麻黄汤治疗组小鼠炎症比哮喘组明显减轻,支气管内及其管壁浸染细胞数明显减少.②哮喘组肺组织白细胞介素4、γ-干扰素阳性细胞数较正常组明显增多,其中自细胞介素4阳性细胞数更为明显,y-干扰素/白细胞介素4比值下降.而麻黄汤治疗组白细胞介素4阳性细胞数明显下降,γ-干扰素阳性细胞数明显增多,γ-干扰素/白细胞介素4比值较哮喘组明显上升.结论哮喘小鼠可能存在Th1/Th2亚群的失衡.麻黄汤能够改善哮喘小鼠的支气管炎症,调节Th1/Th2比例,这可能是其治疗哮喘的作用机制之一.

Effects of mahuang decoction on allergic airway inflammation in asthmatic mouse

BACKGROUND: Allergic airway inflammation (AAI) is the pathological basis of pathogenesis of asthma. Manghua decoction, from Zhang Zhongjing's "On cold damage", is the basic recipe for treating asthma, its addminus recipe is widely used in clinic now.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of mahuang decoction on allergic airway inflammation in asthmatic mouse.DESIGN: Randomized controlled observation SETTING: Staff Room of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong University of Pharmacy.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in the Animal Laboratory of Guangdong College of Pharmacy and Laboratory of Pathology, Guangdong University of Pharmacy from March 2003 to February 2004. Totally 36 mice were recruited.METHODS: Mice were randomly divided into normal control group, asthma group and treatment group, with 12 in each one. The mice in the control group were given intraperitoneal injection of 0.2 mL of normal saline on day 1,7,14 and 21 separately. From 28th day, the mice were given intragastric administration of normal saline of 0.5 mL for 60 minutes followed by water spray(only normal saline ) for 30 minutes , for consecutive 7 days.The mice in the asthma group were given intraperitoneal injection of normal saline of 0.2 mL containing egg albumin (10 μg) and aluminium hydroxide (20 mg) on day 1, 7, 14 and 21 separately. From 28th day, the mice were given intragastric administration of normal saline of 0.5 mL for 60 minutes followed by water spray (normal saline containing egg albumin of 50 g/L) for 30 minutes, for consecutive 7 days. Sensitization and stimulati on of the mice in the treatment group were the same as that in the asthma group. Intragastric administration of mahuang decoction of 0.5 mL was performed 60 minutes before spray. The procedure was conducted for consecutive 7 days. The pathologic change and the lung tissues expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) of the mice in each group were analyzed with hamatoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of airway infiltration cells and lung tissue IFN-γand IL-4 of the mice in each group RESULTS: Totally 36 mice entered the stage of result analysis with no loss in the midway. ① Inflammation of the mice relieved obviously in the treatment group than in the asthma group, and the number of the inflammatory cells in or around bronchi of the mice was significantly less in the treatment group than in the asthma group . ② The number of IL-4 and IFN-γ was significantly increased in the asthma group than in the normal control group, among which , the number of IL-4 was more significant, and the ratio of IFN-γ / IL-4 was decreased. However, the number of IL-4 on the treatment group was significantly decreased, and that of IFN-γ was remarkably increased , and the ratio of IFN-γ / IL-4 was significantly increased as compared with that in the asthma group.CONCLUSION: Asthmatic mice might exist the disequilibrium of Th1/Th2 subgroup. Mahuang decoction can improve the inflammation of bronchus,regulate the ratio of Th1/Th2, which might be one of the mechanism for treatment of asthma.