非清髓异基因外周血造血干细胞移植治疗血液病的临床观察

目的　探讨非清髓异基因外周血造血干细胞移植 (NASCT)在治疗血液病中的意义。方法　采用NASCT治疗 33例HLA相合的血液病患者。男 2 0例 ,女 13例 ,中位年龄 36岁 (18～ 5 9岁 )。33例中急性白血病第 1次完全缓解期 (CR1 ) 11例 ,CR2～ 34例 ,难治复发性急性白血病未缓解期 3例 ,重型再生障碍性贫血 (SAA) 4例 ,慢性粒细胞白血病慢性期 7例 ,骨髓增生异常综合征 (MDS) 2例 ,慢性淋巴细胞白血病和骨髓纤维化各 1例。非清髓预处理方案 :白血病患者采用环磷酰胺 (CTX)、阿糖胞苷及CD3单克隆抗体 ,6例患者在此基础上加用氟达拉宾。SAA和MDS患者采用CTX和抗胸腺细胞球蛋白。结果　 33例均顺利渡过造血抑制期。平均移植后第 10 .5天 (移植后第 8～ 2 1天 )中性粒细胞计数 >0 .5× 10 9 L ,第 15天 (移植后第 10～ 30天 )血小板计数 >30× 10 9 L。 33例中供者细胞完全植入2 4例 (其中 13例于移植后 1～ 6个月由供受者嵌合性植入转为完全植入 ) ,稳定混合嵌合体 4例 ,移植排斥 5例。 33例中发生急性和慢性移植物抗宿主病各 7例 (2 1.2 % )。随诊 2～ 36个月 2 5例 (75 8% )仍存活。结论　NASCT简便安全 ,并发症少 ,疗效较好 ,为治愈血液病提供了新手段。

The clinical research of nonmyeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells transplantation for hematological diseases

OBJECTIVE: To explore the significance of nonmyeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of hematological diseases. METHODS: A nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen consisted of CD(3) monoclonal antibody, cyclosporine A, cyclophosphamide and cytarabine was used for allogeneic stem cell transplantation in 33 patients with hematological diseases. Of them, 11 were acute leukemia (AL) in first complete remission (CR(1)), 4 AL-CR(2) approximately 3, 3 refractory AL, 4 severe aplastic anemia (SAA), 7 chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), 2 myelodysplastic syndrome, 1 each of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and myelofibrosis. RESULTS: All 33 patients passed the hematopoietic suppression stage smoothly and achieved engraftment of the donor cells. There were 24 cases of full donor chimerism (13 cases converted from mixed chimerism), 4 mixed chimerism (MC) and 5 developed graft rejection. Of the 33 cases, 7 (21.2%) developed acute GVHD and chronic GVHD, 25 (75.8%) still live and 8 (24.2%) died. CONCLUSIONS: Nonmyeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells transplantation is a safe, less toxic and curative approach for patients with hematological disease.