组织工程化骨组织诱导脊柱融合的实验研究

目的：在体外构建一种自体骨组织替代物,回植入体内,以期诱导兔脊柱融合。方法：体外培养兔的骨髓基质干细胞,基因重组工程生产出具有诱骨活性的重组人骨形态发生蛋白-4（recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-4,rhBMP-4）,采用真空冷冻抽干技术将一定量的rhBMP-4和Ⅰ型胶原结合,构建出一种新的载体,并将一定量的骨髓基质干细胞吸附在载体上。建立兔脊柱关节突融合的动物模型,实验组植入复合rhBMP-4和骨髓基质干细胞的Ⅰ型胶原,对照组只采用Ⅰ型胶原和骨髓基质干细胞,植入兔脊柱的关节突之间来诱导脊柱融合。结果：应用rhBMP-4和Ⅰ型胶原组新骨形成良好,此侧的脊柱融合良好,而对侧无明显的骨组织形成。结论：应用含有骨生长因子、骨前体细胞和胶原载体的复合物是一种较为理想的自体骨组织替代物。

Experimental research on spine fusion induced by tissue engineered bone

OBJECTIVE: To construct a reasonable substitute for the autograft bone in vitro and transplant it back into the rabbit models to induce the spine fusion. METHODS: The bone marrow stem cell from the seven New Zealand rabbits were cultured. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-4 (rhBMP-4) that has been proved to be bioactive was obtained by the way of genetic engineering. Using the vacuum freezing machine to mix a certain quantity of rhBMP-4 into type I collagen to form a new kind of carrier. Animal model of spine facet process fusion was used. Bone marrow stem cells combined with rhBMP-4 and I type collagen were implanted between the facet process to induce the spine fusion. type I collagen and bone marrow stem cell was used in the controlled group. RESULTS: New bone formation was obvious in the test group. The facet joint was fused very well in this side. No bone formation was present on the other side. CONCLUSIONS: The new composite: bone marrow stem cells, rhBMP-4 and type I collagen was an ideal kind of substitute for the autograft bone.