北京地区2002年秋冬儿童急性上呼吸道感染爆发的病原学调查

目的 了解2002年11～12月北京地区急性上呼吸道感染爆发的病原。方法 收集2002年11～12月北京地区80例患急性上呼吸道感染儿童咽拭子标本,应用经典病毒学方法(病毒分离和血凝试验)进行流行性感冒(流感)病毒、副流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒及腺病毒分离鉴定,应用巢式聚合酶链反应方法进行流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒及肺炎支原体(Mp)的检测。结果 80例标本中检测到B流感病毒18例(阳性率22.5％)、A3型流感病毒2例(阳性率2.5％)、肺炎支原体13例(阳性率16.3％),未检测到A1型流感病毒、副流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒及腺病毒;其中2例同时检测到B型流感病毒与Mp,1例检测到A3型流感病毒与Mp。结论 B型流感病毒是此次儿童上呼吸道感染的首要病原,Mp感染是第二位病原。

Etiological study on an outbreak of acute respiratory infection in children in Beijing

Objective An outbreak of acute respiratory infections in children occurred in Beijing from November to December, 2002. To investigate the etiological agents of affected children who were in day care centers and primary schools. Methods Throat swab specimens were collected from one primary school children with acute respiratory infections visiting one outpatient department. After centrifuging,supernatant from the specimens were inoculated into MDCK and Hep-2 cells for virus isolation and pallets for viral antigen detection and using indirect immunofluorescent assay on common respiratory viruses. Nested polymerase chain reaction was used at the same time for detection of respiratory viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp). Results A total number of 80 specimens were collected during the outbreak. Among them influenza B virus were detected from 18 specimens, with a positive rate of 22.5% (18/80) while Mp were detected from 13 specimens, with a positive rate of 16.3 % (13/80). Influenza A3 were also detected from 2 patients (2.5%, 2/80). However, influenza A1, RSV, adenovirus and parainfluenza viruses were not found from these specimens. Influenza B virus and Mp were detected simultaneity in two specimens and influenza A3 virus and Mp were detected in one specimen. Conclusion The outbreak of acute respiratory infection in children during the period of investigation was caused by both influenza B virus and Mp.