肾上腺的断层标本与CT、MR图像对照研究

目的：为肾上腺病变的横断层影像诊断和外科治疗提供实用的断层解剖学依据。方法：采用22例成人上腹部连续横断层标本、10例健康成人MR横断层图像及20例无肾上腺病变的临床病人MSCT横断层图像，连续追踪观测了肾上腺在横断面上的形态、位置、毗邻和大小。结果：在连续横断面上，左、右肾上极层面是寻找双侧肾上腺的可靠层面。下腔静脉后壁是识别右肾上腺前界的标志；脾动、静脉则是识别左肾上腺前界的标志。肾上腺在横断面上的形态变化较大，可分为四种类型。肾上腺前方的毗邻结构复杂，尤其是左肾上腺。故肾上腺病变向前生长时有不同的优势途径。结论：断层影像解剖可很好地显示肾上腺的形态与毗邻。

Transverse Sectional Anatomy of Adrenal Glands: A Comparative Study of Sectional specimen and CT&MRI Images

Objective：To provide sectional anatomic data for diagnosis and treatment of adrenal disease. Methods ：The shape, location, adjacency, and size of adrenal glands on transverse planes were investigated by using serial transverse sections of upper abdomen from 20 adult cadavers, transverse MR images from 10 healthy adults and transverse reconstructed MSCT images from 10 patients without adrenal disease. Results： Among the serial transverse sections, those through bilateral upper poles of kidney were reliable planse for observing adrenal glands. The posterior wall of inferior vena cava was a mark of anterior border of right adrenal gland. Meanwhile splenic artery and vein were marks of anterior border of left adrenal gland. The shapes of bilateral adrenal gland on transverse planes varied obviously, which could be divided into four types. The adjacent structures in front of adrenal gland （especially left adrenal gland） were complieated. Therefore, there were various approaches to adrenal glands when the lesions growing forwards. Conclusions：The shape and adjaceney of adrenal gland could be clearly displayed on transverse sectional anatomy.