南五味子有效部位前处理及提取工艺研究

目的：优选南五味子有效部位前处理及提取的工艺。方法：以挥发油的提取率、水煎液固形物量、五味子酯甲提取率为指标，分别考察挥发油、水溶性杂质去除及醇提的工艺条件，优选前处理和提取工艺参数。结果：南五味子粗粉经水蒸气蒸馏，水煎煮后再醇提，醇提物得率只有直接醇提的1／4，而五味子酯甲含量却达到直接醇提的4倍左右。优化工艺参数：药材粗粉加8倍量水、蒸馏4h，药渣继续加6倍量水、煎煮20min，取药渣加80％乙醇、提取2次、每次2h。结论：本工艺南五味子有效部位纯度高，杂质少，为南五味子及其复方的开发提供了依据。

Study on Optimized the Pre-treatment and Extraction of Active Constituent of Fructus Schisandrae Sphenanthera

Objective ： To optimize the pre-treatment and extraction process of active constituent Fructus Schisandra sphenanthera. Methods ： Taking the extraction rate of volatile oil, weight of decoction solid, extraction rate of schisantherin A as the indexes, removal of volatile oil and water-soluble impurities, extraction process conditions was examined, the pre-treatment and extraction process parameters were optimized. Results ： The powder of Fructus Sehisandra sphenanthera was extracted after steam distillation and water extracting, the yield of extracts was only 1/4 and the contents of schisantherin A was about 4 times of direct-ethanol extracts. The optimized parameters were as follows ： Add 8 times water to the powder of medical material, distilled 4h ; then add 8 times of water to the residue, decocted for 20 min ; the residue, extracted twice by 80 % alcohol,2 hours per time. Conclusion ： By this process, extracts with higher content of active ingredients and less impurity were obtained. The study has provided basis for the further development of Fructus Schisandra sphenanthera and also, its compound.