种植覆盖义齿临床疗效的回顾性研究

目的:回顾性分析评价无牙颌患者采用种植覆盖义齿修复后的临床疗效.方法:对行种植覆盖义齿修复的57 名无牙颌患者进行临床复诊,检查种植体周围菌斑指数、探诊深度、探诊出血、牙龈增生、种植体边缘骨吸收以及义齿修复后并发症的发生情况;采用VAS视觉模拟评分方法测量患者对种植覆盖义齿修复的满意度,并对相关影响因素进行分析,综合评价种植覆盖义齿的临床疗效.结果:经过(48±11.3) 个月的随访观察,4 枚种植体在愈合期内失败,存留率为98.1%;种植体的边缘骨吸收为(1.38±0.74) mm,不同类型附着体(杆卡、球帽、磁性)修复后种植体边缘骨吸收差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);杆卡组的菌斑指数、探针深度均高于磁性和球帽组(P<0.05);探针出血无明显差异(P>0.05);牙龈增生多见于杆卡组.并发症主要包括:上部基台折裂、义齿折裂、螺丝松动等等.患者对种植覆盖义齿的总体满意度较高,仅在"清洁方便程度"一项,磁性和球帽组患者的满意度高于杆卡组(P<0.05),其他各项均无明显差异(P>0.05).结论:种植覆盖义齿有较高的种植体存留率及患者满意度,但修复后需对义齿及种植体进行定期清理维护以减少后期并发症的发生,尤其是杆卡式种植覆盖义齿.

Clinical outcomes of implant-retained overdentures:A retrospective study

Objective:To evaluate the clinical outcomes of implant-retained overdentures.Methods:57 patients treated by implant-retained overdentures were included.Parameters for peri-implant tissue conditions (e.g.peri-implant probing depth,plaque index,bleeding on probing,mucosal hyperplasia,peri-implant marginal bone loss) and prosthetic complications were examined and recorded.The precentage of satisfaction of the patients was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS).Results:After an average follow-up of (48±11.3) months,the survival rate of the implants was 98.1%,the marginal bone loss was (1.38±0.74) mm.There was no statistically difference among the different attachment groups(bar,magnet and ball) regarding the peri-implant marginal bone loss or bleeding on probing(P>0.05).The peri-implant probing depth and plaque index in patients with magnet and ball attachments were lower than those in patients with bar attachments(P<0.05).The major complications were the upper abutment fracture,prostheses fracture and screw loosening.Most patients were satisfied with their prostheses and there was no statistically significant difference between the attachment types(P>0.05),except that magnet and ball attachments were much easier to clean compared with bar attachments(P<0.05).Conclusion:Implant-retained overdenture is a successful and satisfactory treatment option for patients with edentulous jaw.The patients should been given regular clinical examinations to keep peri-implant tissue health and reduce the complications,especially those with bar attachments.