机车乘务员心理健康水平综合干预效果评价

目的探讨心理干预对机车乘务员心理健康水平的影响,为预防铁路交通事故提供参考依据。方法采用SCL-90症状自评量表对广西柳州机务段机车乘务员进行心理健康状况调查,干预组323名,对照组403名;干预组依据SCL-90总分高低分别采取个体治疗、团体治疗、健康教育和心理热线电话综合干预措施。结果干预组有108人总分≥160分,平均分为(153.92±48.89)分,心理异常检出率33.40%;对照组有152人总分≥160分,平均分为(160.09±55.45)分,心理异常检出率37.71%,2组SCL-90各因子分均高于国内常模(P<0.01);干预后,干预组SCL-90总分,与干预前比较,整体下降了8个百分点,平均分为(144.86±35.42)分,各因子得分除躯体化因子分与干预前比较无明显变化,其余8项因子分呈不同程度下降(P<0.05);与对照组比较,9项因子分均低于对照组(P<0.05);与邻近地区广铁集团机车乘务员调查结果比较,除强迫、偏执因子分无差异外,其余7项因子分均低于广铁集团调查结果(P<0.05)。结论柳州机车乘务员心理健康水平低于国内常模,心理干预能够提高机车乘务员的整体心理健康水平。

Evaluation of multiple intervention on psychological health level among train staff

Objective To study the effect of psychological intervention on psychological health level of the train staff and to provide reference for the prevention of railway traffic accident.Methods Psychological health status of 323 train staff in intervention group and 403 in control group from Liuzhou locomotive terminal was tested with Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90).Individual therapy,group therapy,health education,and psychological hotline were applied to the staff in the intervention group based on their total scores of SCL-90.Results There were 108 staff with scores of SCL-90>160 and the average was 153.92±48.89 for the staff in the intervention group.There were 152 staff with the scores of>160 and the average score of SCL-90 was 160.09±55.45 for the staff in the control group.The detection rates of psychological problems for the intervention and control group were 33.40% and 37.71% and all of the factor scores of SCL-90 of the staff were higher than those of national norm(P<0.01).After the intervention,the 8 factor scores of SCL-90 for the staff in the intervention group showed a 8% decrease with an average score of 144.86 ± 35.42(P<0.05 for all) except somatic symptom(P<0.05 for all).Compared with those of the control group,nine symptom factor scores for the intervention group were lower(P<0.05).Compared with the survey data of the staff in Guangzhou Railway Group,all factor scores of SCL-90 for the staff were lower(P<0.05 for all) except the factors of obsession and paranoia.Conclusion The psychological health of the train staff is lower than that of the national norm.The psychological intervention could improve overall psychological health among the train staff.