不同复治涂阳肺结核患者全程间歇短程化疗效果评价

目的：评价标准复治涂阳短程化疗方案对复发、初治失败及其它复治3组不同复治涂阳肺结核患者的治疗效果，为进一步提高复治肺结核患者的疗效提供依据。方法：先取复治涂阳肺结核患者303例，分为复发（87例）、初治失败（21例）及其它复治（195例）3组。所有入选病例在治疗前均做痰结核分支杆菌培养及药敏试验。对3组复治涂阳肺结核患者均采用同一复治涂阳短程化疗方案，即2－3H3R3Z3E3S3／5－6H3R3E3进行治疗，观察3组复治患者的耐药情况及治疗效果。结果：3组复治涂阳肺结核患者在耐药水平及疗效上均无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。其它复治患者中，既往累计治疗时间超过12个月者的耐药率（79．5％）明显高于既往累计治疗时间少于12个月者（59．8％）（0．01＜P＜0．05），治疗成功率前者（69．4％）明显低于后者（90．4％）（P＜0．001）。敏感病例的治疗成功率（93．3％）明显高于耐药病例（75．3％）（P＜0．001）。结论：进一步提高复治涂阳肺结核患者疗效的关键是提高复治患者中耐药患者的疗效。

Effectiveness of short course intermittent regimen on different categories of retreated patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of short course intermittent regimen in the different categories of retreated patients with tuberculosis. METHODS: 303 retreated patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis were recruited for the study. They were divided into three groups based on the history of tuberculosis and anti-tuberculosis treatment. 87 were in relapse group, 21 in failure group (failure after the initial treatment) and 195 in other retreatment group. Sputum Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture and drug susceptibility test were conducted before treatment. The same retreatment regimen (2-3H3R3Z3E3S3/5-6H3R3E3) was employed for all three groups of patients. Drug resistance and the outcomes of three groups of retreatment tuberculosis were analysed. RESULTS: The drug resistance rates and efficacy of retreatment showed no statistical difference among three groups (P > 0.05). In other retreatment group, the drug resistant rate in patients who received anti-TB drugs for more than 12 months (79.5%) was significantly higher than those for less than 12 months (59.8%, 0.01 < P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the successful rates of treatment were 69.4% vs 90.4% between two subgroups, being significantly different (P < 0.001). The successful treatment rate in susceptible patients (93.3%) was significantly higher than that in drug resistant patients (75.3%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: To enhance the efficacy of anti-TB therapy in drug-resistant patients is the key of improving the outcome of retreated patients receiving short course intermittent regimen.