HIV/AIDS病人生活质量评价及影响因素分析

目的评价艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病病人(HIV/AIDS病人)的生活质量,并探讨其影响因素。方法对在中国医科大学附属第一医院就诊的289名HIV/AIDS病人,用世界卫生组织生活质量简表(WHOQOL-BREF)进行生活质量评价,并与同期高危人群及健康人群进行对比,通过多元线性回归分析生活质量的相关影响因素。结果 HIV/AIDS病人生活质量的生理、心理、社会关系和环境四个维度的平均得分依次为44.5、58.1、62.6和57.7分。HIV/AIDS病人生活质量显著低于HIV阴性的高危人群以及健康人群(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,尚未接受抗病毒治疗者、男男性行为人群(MSM)、低收入、低文化程度、缺少家庭支持和食欲差,是HIV/AIDS病人较低生活质量的显著影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 HIV/AIDS病人生活质量较低,尤以MSM人群明显,高效抗病毒治疗可显著提高HIV/AIDS病人生活质量,同时应加强对低文化程度、低收入和缺少家庭支持的MSM人群的医疗和社会支持,提高其生活质量,降低死亡率。

Analysis on quality of life and related factors among people living with HIV/AIDS

Objective To analyze quality of life(QOL) and related factors among HIV/AIDS patients.Methods 289 HIV/AIDS patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University were administered a structured questionnaire by the HIV doctor or nurse.QOL was assessed using the short version of the WHO quality of life scale(WHOQOL-BREF)(chinese).Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to find out related factors.Results The overall QOL mean scores in the four domains were physical domain,44.5,psychological domain,58.1,social domain,62.6 and environmental domains,57.7,respectively.QOL of HIV/ AIDS patients was significantly lower than the high risk group and healthy individuals(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that receiving antiretroviral treatment,men who have sex with men(MSM),level of income and education,family support and appetite were the factors effecting on QOL(P<0.05).Conclusion The quality of life among HIV/AIDS patients declined,especially among MSM.Antiviral therapy can significantly improve HIV/AIDS patients quality of life.More attention should be paid on supplying medical and social support to improve their quality of life and reduce mortality.