三省受艾滋病影响儿童救助政策落实现状分析

目的分析受艾滋病影响儿童的救助政策落实情况,为制定和推动政策落实提供参考。方法采取文献回顾、深入访谈和专题小组讨论等方式,在3个省(自治区)开展调查研究,并对资料进行了定性分析。结果共调查243名受访者,其中深入访谈81人,与162名来自多部门的人员开展了专题小组讨论。调查发现,目前各地各部门针对受艾滋病影响儿童均制定了相关救助政策,开展了关怀救助活动,活动形式多样,内容涉及生活救助、教育支持、卫生保健、心理和职业发展等5方面,基本涵盖了儿童成长相关的各个方面。发现存在非义务教育阶段儿童教育缺乏政策保障、生活救助覆盖人数仍有限、对父母一方或双方存活的受艾滋病影响儿童关注度不够、心理关怀仍十分薄弱等问题。结论各地应针对现有政策制定实施细则或指导方案,进一步完善信息收集、交流和利用机制,提高有关部门和相关人员的政策认知程度,不断加大资源保障力度。

Analysis of policy implementation for supporting HIV/AIDS affected children in three provinces

Objective To understand local implementation of policies for supporting HIV/AIDS affected children and to provide recommendations for a better policy implementation.Methods The relevant data and information were collected through desk review,in-depth interview,and focus group discussions in three provinces,and were then assessed by using qualitative analysis.Results A total of 243 participants were recruited in six counties(cities) of the three provinces(regions),in which 81 people participated in-depth interview,including 33 care givers of the children affected with HIV/AIDS,36 care givers of the children affected with AIDS,and 12 community workers.Group discussions were held with 162 staff members from different departments.The survey identified that a variety of supporting policies were developed and implemented for AIDS affected children in terms of living assistance,educational support,health care,psychological and career development which nearly covered all the aspects of children’s growth.But there was no policy to support non-compulsory education for children;the coverage of living assistance was not enough;the supports to AIDS affected children with surviving parents(single or both sides) was neither enough;psychological care was still too weak.Conclusions In order to better implement the national policies and strategies,it is recommended that detailed implementation plan and guiding programs be developed;the mechanism for information collection,sharing and utilization be further improved;the policy awareness and knowledge among managers and staff of relevant departments be increased;resources security for policy implementation from various sources be enhanced.