湖北地区出口猪及不同人群中戊型肝炎病毒感染调查研究

〔目的〕调查湖北地区出口猪以及不同人群中戊型肝炎病毒的流行情况,为制定预防措施提供依据。〔方法〕从湖北地区8个出口猪场中共采集3个月龄以下猪的血清203份,3个月以上猪的血清637份。从不同人群(包括猪场和屠宰厂从业人员、农村居民以及献血员中共采集1585份血清样品。用酶联免疫方法分别检测戊型肝炎病毒抗体以及抗原,对部分样品采用实时荧光聚合酶链反应检测戊型肝炎病毒核酸。〔结果〕3个月龄以下和3个月龄以上猪血清中戊型肝炎病毒抗体的阳性率分别为56.65%和87.13%,2者间差异具有显著性(t=7.79,p<0.01);戊型肝炎病毒抗原的阳性率分别为9.35%和10.36%,2者间差异无显著性。在328份猪血清中,抗原和核酸的符合率为78.80%。猪场和屠宰厂从业人员、农村居民以及献血员中戊型肝炎病毒IgG抗体的阳性率分别为55.72%(263/472)、31.63%(99/313)、27.00%(81/300)和33.40%(167/500)。猪场从业人员戊型肝炎病毒IgG抗体阳性率与其他3类人群的相比,具有非常显著性差异(t=8.88,p<0.01)。〔结论〕猪群中戊型肝炎感染率较高,与猪密切接触人群的感染率高于其他人群。因此,应加强出口猪场的管理,减少戊型肝炎病毒在人畜之间的传播。

Investigation of Infection with Hepatitis E Virus among Pigs and Different Personnels in Hubei

Objective To investigate the infection of hepatitis E virus (HEV) among exported pigs and different personnels in Hubei province and supply the basis for seting up the measure to prevent HEV spread. Method Totally, 203 serum samples of less than 3 month old pigs and 637 serum samples of more than 3 month old pigs were collected from 8 pig farms, and 1 585 serum samples of different personnels were collected including workers at pig farms and slaughter company, country dwellers, blood donors in Hubei province. All the samples were tested for HEV antigen and anti-HEV antibody by ELISA and partial samples were tested for HEV RNA by the real-time fluorescent RT-PCR. Result The positive rates for anti-HEV antibody were 56.65% and 87.13% among less than 3 month old pigs and more than 3 month old pigs, respectively. There were significient different(t = 7.79, p < 0.01). The positive rates of HEV antigen were 9.35% and 10.36%. There were not significient different(t = 0.42, p < 0.05). The coincidence rate of 328 serum samples of HEV antigen and RNA was 78.80%. The positive rate of workers at pig farms and slaughter company,country dwellers and blood donors were 55.72%, 31.63%, 27.00% and 33.40% respectively. Conclusion The infection rate of HEV among pigs is higher and that of exposed group with pigs were significantly higher than other personnels. Thus, the measures should be taken to prevent the spread of HEV between pigs and human.